Dr. Todd H. Stievater Profile

Dr. Todd H. Stievater

Research Physicist at US Naval Research Lab

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Author

Publications (24)

SPIE Journal Paper | 2 November 2023

Enhanced thermo-optic effects in silicon nitride photonic integrated circuits via polymer claddings

Marcel W. Pruessner, Nathan F. Tyndall, Kyle J. Walsh, Todd H. Stievater

JNP, Vol. 17, Issue 04, 046001, (November 2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JNP.17.046001

KEYWORDS: Silicon nitride, Waveguides, Cladding, Polymers, Microrings, Thermal optics, Photonic integrated circuits, Polymer multimode waveguides, Silicon, Silica

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Proceedings Article | 14 June 2023 Presentation + Paper

Waveguide-enhanced Raman spectroscopy using visible laser excitation

Nathan Tyndall, E. Emmons, Marcel Pruessner, P. Wilcox, A. Tripathi, J. Guicheteau, Todd Stievater

Proceedings Volume 12541, 1254106 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2663993

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Optical filters, Tunable filters, Photonic integrated circuits, Raman spectroscopy, Spectrometers, Signal attenuation, Visible radiation, Silicon nitride, Fluorescence

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Proceedings Article | 30 May 2022 Presentation + Paper

Waveguide Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (WERS) for biomarker detection and identification

Nathan Tyndall, Dmitry Kozak, Marcel Pruessner, Todd Stievater, Benjamin Miller, P. Y. Wang, J. Butt

Proceedings Volume 12116, 121160F (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2623361

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Raman spectroscopy, Urea, Glucose, Water, Photonic integrated circuits, Optical filters, Cladding

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Proceedings Article | 5 March 2022 Presentation + Paper

Waveguide-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for field detection of threat materials

Erik Emmons, Phillip Wilcox, Erik Roese, Ashish Tripathi, Jason Guicheteau, Kevin Hung, Benjamin Miller, Ethan Luta, Matthew Yates, Nathan Tyndall, Todd Stievater

Proceedings Volume 12004, 120040L (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2610654

KEYWORDS: Raman spectroscopy, Waveguides, Polymers, Spectrometers, Silicon, Sensors, Photonic integrated circuits, Microscopy, Imaging spectroscopy, Polymer multimode waveguides

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Proceedings Article | 5 March 2021 Presentation + Paper

A low-loss SiN photonic integrated circuit foundry platform for waveguide-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Nathan Tyndall, Todd Stievater, Dmitry Kozak, Marcel Pruessner, William Rabinovich, Nicholas Fahrenkopf, Alin Antohe, Kevin McComber

Proceedings Volume 11690, 116900B (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2582529

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Raman spectroscopy, Photonic integrated circuits, Cladding, Waveguide modes, Wave propagation, Semiconducting wafers, Scattering, Raman scattering, Oxides

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SPIE Journal Paper | 14 May 2020

In situ detection of gas chromatography analytes by active illumination with quantum cascade lasers

Christopher Breshike, Robert Furstenberg, Tyler Huffman, Dmitry Kozak, Todd Stievater, R. Andrew McGill

OE, Vol. 59, Issue 09, 092004, (May 2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.59.9.092004

KEYWORDS: Prisms, Quantum cascade lasers, Chromatography, Infrared spectroscopy, Chemical analysis, Absorption, Analytical research, Germanium, Signal detection, FT-IR spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 27 April 2020 Presentation

Performing IR spectroscopy at multiple points along a gas chromatographic column for rapid high fidelity detection (Conference Presentation)

Christopher Breshike, Robert Furstenberg, Tyler Huffman, Todd Stievater, Dmitry Kozak, R. Andrew McGill

Proceedings Volume 11389, 113892J (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2558501

KEYWORDS: Infrared spectroscopy, Chromatography, Microfabrication, Infrared coatings, Mid-IR, Infrared signatures, Quantum cascade lasers, Mirror pointing, Mirrors, Transmittance

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Proceedings Article | 24 April 2020 Presentation + Paper

Backscatter WERS for trace chemical analyte detection using a handheld spectrometer

N. Tyndall, D. Kozak, M. Pruessner, R. A. McGill, C. Roberts, T. Stievater, B. Miller, E. Luta, M. Yates, E. Emmons, P. Wilcox, J. Guicheteau

Proceedings Volume 11416, 1141603 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2559641

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Spectroscopy, Optical filters, Backscatter, Raman spectroscopy, Chemical analysis, Biological research, Analytical research

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Proceedings Article | 24 February 2020 Paper

Mode conversion in nanophotonic waveguides via symmetry breaking optomechanical near-field interactions

Dmitry Kozak, Marcel Pruessner, Todd Stievater, William Rabinovich

Proceedings Volume 11297, 1129710 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2544958

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Wave propagation, Silicon, Microelectromechanical systems, Multiplexing, Near field, Integrated photonics, Cladding, Photonic integrated circuits, Beam propagation method

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Proceedings Article | 14 May 2019 Presentation

Waveguide-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for characterizing sorbent-analyte binding (Conference Presentation)

Todd Stievater, Nathan Tyndall, Dmitry Kozak, Marcel Pruessner, R. Andrew McGill, Courtney Roberts, Benjamin Miller, Ethan Luta, Matthew Yates

Proceedings Volume 11010, 110100C (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2521451

KEYWORDS: Raman spectroscopy, Waveguides, Polymers, Photonic integrated circuits, Nerve agents, Molecules

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SPIE Journal Paper | 8 December 2018 Open Access

Ultrabroadband lattice filters for integrated photonic spectroscopy and sensing

Nathan F. Tyndall, Todd H. Stievater, Dmitry A. Kozak, Marcel W. Pruessner, Scott A. Holmstrom, William S. Rabinovich

OE, Vol. 57, Issue 12, 127103, (December 2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.57.12.127103

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Optical filters, Spectroscopy, Electronic filtering, Photonic integrated circuits, Raman spectroscopy, Integrated photonics, Interferometers, Luminescence, Analytical research

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Proceedings Article | 10 May 2018 Paper

Photonic micro-gas-chromatography detection of chemical threat agents

Robert Furstenberg, Christopher Breshike, Benjamin Andrews, Andrew Kusterbeck, Dawn Dominguez, Christopher Kendziora, R. Andrew McGill, Todd Stievater, Dmitry Kozak

Proceedings Volume 10629, 1062906 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2304458

KEYWORDS: Prisms, Sensors, Photonic microstructures, Chromatography, Infrared spectroscopy, Photodetectors, Infrared detectors, Quantum cascade lasers, Mirrors, Spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 20 February 2018 Paper

Chemical sensors fabricated by a photonic integrated circuit foundry

Todd Stievater, Kee Koo, Nathan Tyndall, Scott Holmstrom, Dmitry Kozak, Peter Goetz, R. Andrew McGill, Marcel Pruessner

Proceedings Volume 10510, 105100I (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2294059

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Raman spectroscopy, Photonic integrated circuits, Cladding, Wave propagation, Raman scattering, Chemical analysis, Signal attenuation, Polymers, Chemical fiber sensors

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Proceedings Article | 28 April 2017 Presentation

Waveguide-enhanced Raman scattering for chemical sensing (Conference Presentation)

Scott Holmstrom, Todd Stievater, Dmitry Kozak, R. Andrew McGill

Proceedings Volume 10110, 101100Y (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2252792

KEYWORDS: Biological and chemical sensing, Coating, Integrated photonics, Photonic integrated circuits, Waveguides, Raman scattering, Raman spectroscopy, Scattering, Gas sensors, Polymers

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Proceedings Article | 20 February 2017 Paper

Silicon photonic device applications using micro-opto-electro-mechanical index perturbation

M. Pruessner, D. Park, Z. Awtry, C. Panuski, D. Kozak, R. Mahon, T. Stievater, P. Goetz, W. Rabinovich

Proceedings Volume 10108, 1010808 (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2250888

KEYWORDS: Phase shifts, Silicon, Silicon photonics, Waveguides, Integrated optics, Wafer-level optics, Microopto electromechanical systems, System integration, Microelectromechanical systems, Bridges, Thermal optics, Cladding, Actuators, Waveguide modes

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Proceedings Article | 12 May 2016 Paper

Nanophotonic waveguides for chip-scale raman spectroscopy: Theoretical considerations

Todd Stievater, Jacob Khurgin, Scott Holmstrom, Dmitry Kozak, Marcel Pruessner, William Rabinovich, R. Andrew McGill

Proceedings Volume 9824, 982404 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2227905

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Raman spectroscopy, Cladding, Raman scattering, Nanophotonics, Waveguides, Nanophotonics, Chemical analysis, Electroluminescent displays, Micro raman spectroscopy, Wave propagation, Photonic integrated circuits

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Proceedings Article | 3 June 2015 Paper

Infrared spectroscopy for chemical agent detection using tailored hypersorbent materials

Dmitry Kozak, R. Andrew McGill, Todd Stievater, Robert Furstenberg, Marcel Pruessner, Viet Nguyen

Proceedings Volume 9482, 94820E (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2177571

KEYWORDS: Long wavelength infrared, Polymers, Mid-IR, Chemical analysis, Infrared spectroscopy, Infrared radiation, Absorbance, Absorption, Crystals, Spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 28 August 2014 Paper

Progress towards a MEMS tunable infrared filter using porous silicon

Dmitry Kozak, Todd Stievater, Marcel Pruessner, William Rabinovich

Proceedings Volume 9170, 91700C (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2060925

KEYWORDS: Silicon, Etching, Refraction, Reflectivity, Imaging spectroscopy, Mid-IR, Microelectromechanical systems, Distributed Bragg reflectors, Optical components, Long wavelength infrared

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Proceedings Article | 21 May 2014 Paper

Infrared molecular binding spectroscopy realized in sorbent coated microfabricated devices

R. Andrew McGill, Todd Stievater, Marcel Pruessner, Scott Holmstrom, Kerry Nierenberg, Rachel McGill, Viet Nguyen, Doewon Park, Christopher Kendziora, Robert Furstenberg

Proceedings Volume 9101, 910107 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2050819

KEYWORDS: Infrared spectroscopy, Infrared radiation, Polymers, Molecular spectroscopy, Spectroscopy, Mid-IR, Crystals, Long wavelength infrared, Spectroscopes, Chemical analysis

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Sorbent materials are utilized in a range of analytical applications including coatings for preconcentrator devices, chromatography stationary phases, and as thin film transducer coatings used to concentrate analyte molecules of interest for detection. In this work we emphasize the use of sorbent materials to target absorption of analyte vapors and examine their molecular interaction with the sorbent by optically probing it with infrared (IR) light. The complex spectral changes which may occur during molecular binding of specific vapors to target sites in a sorbent can significantly aid in analyte detection. In this work a custom hydrogen-bond (HB) acidic polymer, HCSFA2, was used as the sorbent. HCSFA2 exhibits a high affinity for hazardous vapors with hydrogen-bond (HB) basic properties such as the G-nerve agents. Using bench top ATR-FTIR spectroscopy the HFIP hydroxyl stretching frequency has been observed in the mid wave infrared (MWIR) to shift by up to 700 wavenumbers when exposed to a strong HB base. The amount of shift is related to the HB basicity of the vapor. In addition, the large analyte polymer-gas partition coefficients sufficiently concentrate the analyte in the sorbent coating to allow spectral features of the analyte to be observed in the MWIR and long wave infrared (LWIR) while it is sorbed to HCSFA2. These spectral changes, induced by analyte-sorbent molecular binding, provide a rich signal feature space to consider selective detection of a wide range of chemical species as single components or complex mixtures. In addition, we demonstrate an HCSFA2 coated microbridge structure and micromechanical photothermal spectroscopy to monitor spectral changes when a vapor sorbs to HCSFA2. Example ATR-FTIR and microbridge spectra with exposures to dimethylmethylphosphonate (DMMP – G nerve agent simulant) and other vapors are compared. In a generic form we illustrate the concept of this work in Figure 1. The results of this work provide the potential to consider compact detection systems with high detection fidelity.

Proceedings Article | 12 February 2008 Paper

Add-drop filters based on mode conversion Bragg grating cavities

Jacob Khurgin, Marcel Pruessner, Todd Stievater, William Rabinovich

Proceedings Volume 6896, 68960F (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.768202

KEYWORDS: Resonators, Fiber Bragg gratings, Waveguides, Optical filters, Wave propagation, Reflectivity, Etching, Fabry–Perot interferometers, Analytical research, Photonic integrated circuits

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Proceedings Article | 12 February 2007 Paper

Process development, design, and characterization of high-finesse micromachined optical Fabry-Perot microcavities

Marcel Pruessner, Todd Stievater, William Rabinovich

Proceedings Volume 6464, 64640N (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.705901

KEYWORDS: Silicon, Mirrors, Fabry–Perot interferometers, Etching, Waveguides, Modulation, Reflectivity, Thermal optics, Cryogenics, Resonators

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Proceedings Article | 12 February 2007 Paper

All-optical micromechanical chemical sensors

Todd Stievater, William Rabinovich, Mike Ferraro, J. Brad Boos, Nicolas Papanicolaou, Jennifer Stepnowski, R. Andrew McGill

Proceedings Volume 6464, 64640D (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.700224

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Optical microcavities, Polymers, Resonators, Gold, Interferometry, Coating, Chemical analysis, Microelectromechanical systems, Reflectivity

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Proceedings Article | 27 January 2004 Paper

High-speed large-area surface-normal multiple quantum well modulators

Peter Goetz, Rita Mahon, Todd Stievater, William Rabinovich, Steven Binari

Proceedings Volume 5160, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.507768

KEYWORDS: Modulators, Retroreflectors, Resistance, Modulation, Quantum wells, Metals, Semiconductors, Absorption, Free space optics, Capacitance

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Proceedings Article | 21 January 2003 Paper

Measurement of thermal-mechanical noise in MEMS microstructures

Todd Stievater, William Rabinovich, Harvey Newman, Rita Mahon, Peter Goetz, Jack Ebel, David McGee

Proceedings Volume 4983, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.472753

KEYWORDS: Bridges, Microelectromechanical systems, Metals, Optical microcavities, Reflectivity, Interferometry, Molecular bridges, Gold, Thermodynamics, Reflectors

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Showing 5 of 24 publications

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