Dr. William L. Barnes Profile

Dr. William L. Barnes

Senior Research Scientist

SPIE Involvement:

Track Chair | Author

Publications (66)

SPIE Journal Paper | 16 July 2018 Open Access

Open Access

Updates of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer on-orbit calibration uncertainty assessments

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Amit Angal, William L. Barnes, Hongda Chen, Vincent Chiang, Xu Geng, Yonghong Li, Kevin Twedt, Zhipeng Wang, Truman Wilson, Aisheng Wu

JARS, Vol. 12, Issue 03, 034001, (July 2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JRS.12.034001

KEYWORDS: Calibration, MODIS, Sensors, Spectral calibration, Reflectivity, Mirrors, Short wave infrared radiation, Detection and tracking algorithms, Polarization, Imaging systems

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Proceedings Article | 5 September 2017 Paper

Paper

Updates of MODIS on-orbit calibration uncertainty assessments

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Amit Angal, William Barnes, Hongda Chen, Vincent Chiang, Xu Geng, Yonghong Li, Kevin Twedt, Zhipeng Wang, Truman Wilson, Aisheng Wu

Proceedings Volume 10402, 104020M (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2276305

KEYWORDS: Calibration, MODIS, Reflectivity, Earth's atmosphere, Atmospheric sciences, Sensors, Sensor calibration, Satellites

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Proceedings Article | 14 December 2016 Paper

Paper

Sixteen years of Terra MODIS on-orbit operation, calibration, and performance

X. Xiong, A. Angal, A. Wu, D. Link, X. Geng, W. Barnes, V. Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 10000, 100000V (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2241352

KEYWORDS: Calibration, MODIS, Sensors, Long wavelength infrared, Diffusers, Space operations, Electronics, Staring arrays, Signal to noise ratio, Photovoltaics

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Proceedings Article | 2 October 2014 Paper

Paper

Status of Terra MODIS operation, calibration, and performance

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Brian Wenny, Aisheng Wu, Amit Angal, Xu Geng, Hongda Chen, Jennifer Dodd, Daniel Link, Sriharsha Madhavan, Na Chen, Yonghong Li, Sean Iacangelo, William Barnes, Vince Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 9218, 92180O (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2062645

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Long wavelength infrared, Space operations, Mirrors, Diffusers, Electronics, Signal to noise ratio, Near infrared

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Proceedings Article | 16 October 2013 Paper

Paper

Status of MODIS on-orbit calibration and characterization

X. Xiong, B. Wenny, J. Sun, A. Angal, A. Wu, H. Chen, X. Geng, T. Choi, S. Madhavan, D. Link, W. Barnes, Vincent Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 8889, 88890U (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2028953

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Staring arrays, Long wavelength infrared, Mirrors, Space operations, Sensor calibration, Near infrared, Neodymium

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Proceedings Article | 19 November 2012 Paper

Paper

Overview of Aqua MODIS 10-year on-orbit calibration and performance

X. Xiong, B. Wenny, J. Sun, A. Angal, A. Wu, H. Chen, T. Choi, S. Madhavan, X. Geng, D. Link, Z. Wang, G. Toller, W. Barnes, V. Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 8533, 853316 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.973769

KEYWORDS: Calibration, MODIS, Sensors, Long wavelength infrared, Staring arrays, Near infrared, Sensor calibration, Reflectivity, Diffusers, Spectral calibration

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Proceedings Article | 12 October 2011 Paper

Paper

Using the Moon to track MODIS reflective solar bands calibration stability

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Xu Geng, Amit Angal, Junqiang Sun, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 8176, 817611 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.897784

KEYWORDS: Calibration, MODIS, Sensors, Near infrared, Reflectivity, Short wave infrared radiation, Mirrors, Earth observing sensors, Diffusers, Space operations

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Proceedings Article | 14 September 2011 Paper

Paper

Further investigation on MODIS solar diffuser screen vignetting function and its implementation in RSB calibration

Zhipeng Wang, Xiaoxiong Xiong, Williams Barnes

Proceedings Volume 8153, 815307 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.892482

KEYWORDS: Calibration, Sensors, MODIS, Diffusers, Staring arrays, Detection and tracking algorithms, Vignetting, Reflectivity, Sun, Satellites

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Proceedings Article | 4 November 2010 Paper

Paper

Results and lessons from a decade of Terra MODIS on-orbit spectral characterization

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Taeyoung Choi, Nianzeng Che, Zhipeng Wang, Jennifer Dodd, Yong Xie, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 7862, 78620M (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.868930

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Spectral calibration, Near infrared, Lamps, Mirrors, Long wavelength infrared, Sensor performance

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Proceedings Article | 14 October 2010 Paper

Paper

Aqua MODIS 8-year on-orbit operation and calibration

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Amit Angal, Sriharsha Madhavan, Taeyoung Choi, Jennifer Dodd, Xu Geng, Zhipeng Wang, Gary Toller, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 7826, 78261X (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.864172

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Staring arrays, Near infrared, Long wavelength infrared, Mirrors, Mid-IR, Photovoltaics, Short wave infrared radiation

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Proceedings Article | 21 August 2009 Paper

Paper

On-orbit operation and performance of MODIS blackbody

X. Xiong, T. Chang, W. Barnes

Proceedings Volume 7452, 74520M (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.824764

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Temperature metrology, Black bodies, Detection and tracking algorithms, Mirrors, Error analysis, Reflectivity, Short wave infrared radiation

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 June 2009

Overview of NASA Earth Observing Systems Terra and Aqua moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer instrument calibration algorithms and on-orbit performance

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Brian Wenny, William Barnes

JARS, Vol. 3, Issue 01, 032501, (June 2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.3180864

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Staring arrays, Space operations, Near infrared, Long wavelength infrared, Mirrors, Spectral calibration, Signal to noise ratio

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Proceedings Article | 9 October 2008 Paper

Paper

Status of Aqua MODIS instrument operation, calibration, and performance

X. Xiong, W. Barnes, V. Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 7106, 71060U (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.799833

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Staring arrays, Mirrors, Space operations, Reflectivity, Temperature metrology, Diffusers, Long wavelength infrared

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Proceedings Article | 20 August 2008 Paper

Paper

Characterization of MODIS VIS/NIR spectral band detector-to-detector differences

X. Xiong, J. Sun, G. Meister, E. Kwiatkowska, W. Barnes

Proceedings Volume 7081, 70810C (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.792700

KEYWORDS: Sensors, MODIS, Calibration, Mirrors, Diffusers, Mid-IR, Short wave infrared radiation, Reflectivity, Near infrared, Infrared radiation

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 February 2008

Status of earth observing system Terra and Aqua moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer level 1B algorithm

Gary Toller, Xiaoxiong Xiong, Kwo-Fu Chiang, James Kuyper, Junqiang Sun, Liqin Tan, William Barnes

JARS, Vol. 2, Issue 01, 023505, (February 2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.2839442

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Reflectivity, Detection and tracking algorithms, Space operations, Short wave infrared radiation, Electronics, Diffusers, Data conversion

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Proceedings Article | 26 October 2007 Paper

Paper

Applications and results of MODIS lunar observations

X. Xiong, J. Sun, A. Angal, K. Chiang, W. Barnes

Proceedings Volume 6744, 67441H (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.736787

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Staring arrays, Reflectivity, Short wave infrared radiation, Long wavelength infrared, Mirrors, Thermography, Sensor calibration

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Proceedings Article | 26 October 2007 Paper

Paper

On-orbit monitoring of MODIS thermal emissive bands response versus scan angle

X. Xiong, A. Wu, B. Guenther, W. Barnes

Proceedings Volume 6744, 67441I (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.736786

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Mirrors, Sensors, Calibration, Temperature metrology, Space operations, Radiometry, Reflectivity, Sensor calibration, Black bodies

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Proceedings Article | 26 October 2007 Paper

Paper

An overview of Aqua MODIS after five-year on-orbit operation and calibration

W. Barnes, X. Xiong, B. Wenny, X. Xie, A. Wu, N. Che, J. Sun, V. Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 6744, 67441G (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.736788

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Mirrors, Staring arrays, Long wavelength infrared, Diffusers, Black bodies, Infrared radiation, Reflectivity

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Proceedings Article | 5 October 2007 Paper

Paper

MODIS reflective solar bands unscheduled lunar observations

J. Sun, X. Xiong, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 6677, 66771K (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.732521

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Sensors, Calibration, Space operations, Mirrors, Reflectivity, Solids, Systems modeling, Stars, Optical tracking

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Proceedings Article | 26 September 2007 Paper

Paper

Characterization of MODIS solar diffuser on-orbit degradation

X. Xiong, X. Xie, A. Angal, J. Choi, J. Sun, W. Barnes

Proceedings Volume 6677, 66770O (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.731304

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Diffusers, Sun, Reflectivity, Electronics, Radiometry, Ocean optics, Solids

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Proceedings Article | 26 September 2007 Paper

Paper

Detector noise characterization and performance of MODIS thermal emissive bands

X. Xiong, A. Wu, N. Chen, K. Chiang, S. Xiong, B. Wenny, W. Barnes

Proceedings Volume 6677, 66770L (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.731305

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Sensors, Calibration, Staring arrays, Electronics, Black bodies, Long wavelength infrared, Temperature metrology, Mid-IR, Sensor performance

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Proceedings Article | 3 October 2006 Paper

Paper

Four-years of on-orbit spectral characterization results for Aqua MODIS reflective solar bands

X. Xiong, N. Che, Y. Xie, D. Moyer, W. Barnes, B. Guenther, V. Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 6361, 63610S (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.687163

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Lamps, Spectral calibration, Reflectivity, Monochromators, Space operations, Short wave infrared radiation

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Proceedings Article | 3 October 2006 Paper

Paper

Four years of Aqua MODIS on-orbit radiometric calibration

W. Barnes, X. Xiong, X. Xie, A. Wu, K. Chiang, J. Sun, V. Salomonson, B. Guenther

Proceedings Volume 6361, 63610R (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.687160

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Signal to noise ratio, Mirrors, Diffusers, Reflectivity, Space operations, Long wavelength infrared, Black bodies

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Proceedings Article | 3 October 2006 Paper

Paper

Status of Aqua MODIS spatial characterization and performance

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Nianzeng Che, William Barnes, Yong Xie, Lingli Wang, John Qu

Proceedings Volume 6361, 63610T (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.687162

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Modulation transfer functions, Sensors, Staring arrays, Lamps, Long wavelength infrared, Reticles, Calibration, Near infrared, Spectral calibration

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Proceedings Article | 27 September 2006 Paper

Paper

Multiyear lunar observations from TRMM/VIRS, Terra/MODIS, and Aqua/MODIS

C. Lyu, J. Sun, X. Xiong, W. Barnes

Proceedings Volume 6298, 629811 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.679084

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Reflectivity, Diffusers, Sun, Mirrors, Satellites, Data modeling, Phase measurement

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Proceedings Article | 27 September 2006 Paper

Paper

Tracking TRMM/VIRS on-orbit calibration with MODIS

A. Wu, C. Lyu, X. Xiong, W. Barnes

Proceedings Volume 6298, 62980Y (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.681138

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Reflectivity, Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Sensors, Thermography, Infrared radiation, Diffusers, Black bodies, Space operations

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Proceedings Article | 7 September 2006 Paper

Paper

Results and lessons from MODIS thermal emissive bands calibration: pre-launch to on-orbit

X. Xiong, K. Chiang, N. Chen, S. Xiong, W. Barnes, B. Guenther

Proceedings Volume 6296, 62960A (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.680992

KEYWORDS: Calibration, MODIS, Sensors, Mirrors, Temperature metrology, Electronics, Space operations, Staring arrays, Long wavelength infrared, Black bodies

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Proceedings Article | 7 September 2006 Paper

Paper

Results and lessons from MODIS reflective solar bands calibration: pre-launch to on-orbit

X. Xiong, N. Che, C. Pan, X. Xie, J. Sun, W. Barnes, B. Guenther

Proceedings Volume 6296, 629607 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.679144

KEYWORDS: Calibration, MODIS, Sensors, Reflectivity, Diffusers, Signal to noise ratio, Electronics, Mirrors, Space operations, Staring arrays

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Proceedings Article | 21 October 2005 Paper

Paper

On-orbit performance of Aqua MODIS on-board calibrators

Xiaoxiong Xiong, William Barnes, Xiaobo Xie, Vincent Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 5978, 59780U (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.627619

KEYWORDS: Calibration, MODIS, Sensors, Reflectivity, Diffusers, Mirrors, Black bodies, Lamps, Spectral calibration, Space operations

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Proceedings Article | 21 October 2005 Paper

Paper

Terra and Aqua MODIS calibration algorithms and uncertainty analysis

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Junqiang Sun, Aisheng Wu, Kwo-Fu Chiang, Joe Esposito, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 5978, 59780V (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.627631

KEYWORDS: Calibration, MODIS, Sensors, Reflectivity, Uncertainty analysis, Diffusers, Short wave infrared radiation, Space operations, Received signal strength, Signal to noise ratio

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Proceedings Article | 22 August 2005 Paper

Paper

Five-year results of Terra MODIS on-orbit spatial characterization

Nianzeng Che, Xiaoxiong Xiong, Bruce Guenther, W. Barnes, V. Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 5882, 58821A (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.615270

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Image registration, Near infrared, Long wavelength infrared, Spectral calibration, Calibration, Sensors, Visible radiation, Mid-IR, Infrared imaging

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Proceedings Article | 22 August 2005 Paper

Paper

Performance of the Terra MODIS on-board blackbody

X. Xiong, N. Chen, S. Xiong, K. Chiang, W. Barnes

Proceedings Volume 5882, 58820U (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.615431

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Sensors, Calibration, Black bodies, Electronics, Mirrors, Space operations, Reflectivity, Temperature metrology, Radiometry

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Proceedings Article | 22 August 2005 Paper

Paper

Operational activities and on-orbit performance of Terra MODIS on-board calibrators

Williams Barnes, Xiaoxiong Xiong, Tony Salerno, Bryan Breen, Chad Salo

Proceedings Volume 5882, 58820Q (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.615384

KEYWORDS: Calibration, MODIS, Diffusers, Lithium, Calcium, Black bodies, Spectral calibration, Reflectivity, Sensors, Data analysis

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Proceedings Article | 22 August 2005 Paper

Paper

Analysis of MODIS solar diffuser screen vignetting function

X. Xie, X. Xiong, D. Moyer, J. Sun, X. Liu, W. Barnes

Proceedings Volume 5882, 58820T (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.615394

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Diffusers, Vignetting, Sensors, Reflectivity, Space operations, Sun, Mirrors, Short wave infrared radiation

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Proceedings Article | 22 August 2005 Paper

Paper

Inter-comparison of Aqua and Terra MODIS using Adeos-II GLI orbital intersections

A. Wu, X. Xiong, H. Murakami, W. Barnes

Proceedings Volume 5882, 58820X (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.619985

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Mid-IR, Visible radiation, Satellites, Long wavelength infrared, Mirrors, Imaging systems, Infrared radiation, Space operations

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Proceedings Article | 22 August 2005 Paper

Paper

Performance of MODIS solar diffuser and solar diffuser stability monitor

X. Xiong, H. Erives, S. Xiong, X. Xie, J. Esposito, J. Sun, W. Barnes

Proceedings Volume 5882, 58820S (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.615334

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Diffusers, Sun, Reflectivity, Near infrared, Radiometry, Mirrors, Imaging systems

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The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) reflective solar bands (RSB) cover wavelengths from 0.41 to 2.2μm. They are calibrated on-orbit by a solar diffuser (SD) panel, made of space-grade Spectralon. During each SD calibration a solar diffuser stability monitor (SDSM) is operated concurrently to track the changes of the SD bidirectional reflectance factor (BRF). The SDSM views alternately the sunlight (Sun View) through a fixed transmission screen and the sunlight diffusely reflected from the SD panel (SD view). A design error in the SDSM system, not discovered until post-launch, has caused significant ripples in the SDSM Sun view responses. Consequently an alternative normalization approach has been developed to remove the ripples in the SDSM Sun view responses and their impacts on the SD degradation analysis. This approach has been successfully used in the SDSM measurements on-orbit. In order to reduce the direct solar exposure onto the SD panel, the MODIS instrument was designed with a SD door that is normally commanded to an "open" position during SD/SDSM observations and to a "closed" position when the calibration is completed. For Terra MODIS launched in December 1999, an SD door related anomaly occurred in May 2003 that led to a decision to set the SD door permanently at the open position. This operational configuration has resulted in extra time of direct solar illumination on the SD plate and therefore a much faster SD degradation rate. In this paper we provide a brief description of the MODIS RSB calibration algorithm and the on-board SD and SDSM system used for the calibration. We examine the Terra MODIS SD degradation rate and its spectral dependency. The results from five years of SDSM observations are summarized in this paper and used to evaluate the SD on-orbit performance and its impact on the MODIS RSB calibration uncertainty. Prior to the SD door anomaly, the SD annual degradation rate was approximately 3% at 0.41μm, 2% at 0.47μm, and 1% at 0.53μm. After the SD door anomaly, the SD annual degradation rate has increased to 10% at 0.41μm, 7% at 0.47μm, and 4.5% at 0.53μm.

Proceedings Article | 22 August 2005 Paper

Paper

Five-years of Terra MODIS spectral characterization

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Nianzeng Che, Bruce Guenther, W. Barnes, V. Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 5882, 58820R (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.614090

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Reflectivity, Copper, Space operations, Spatial resolution, Diffusers, Black bodies, Spectral calibration

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Proceedings Article | 30 December 2004 Paper

Paper

MODIS solar calibration transmission screen modeling

Eugene Waluschka, Xiaoxiong Xiong, David Moyer, Bruce Guenther, William Barnes, Vincent Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 5652, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.578334

KEYWORDS: Diffusers, Sensors, Calibration, MODIS, Mirrors, Sun, Computer simulations, Signal attenuation, Vignetting, Motion models

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Proceedings Article | 30 December 2004 Paper

Paper

On-orbit characterization of RVS for MODIS thermal emissive bands

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Vincent Salomonson, Kwo-Fu Chiang, Aisheng Wu, Bruce Guenther, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 5652, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.578344

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Mirrors, Calibration, Sensors, Space operations, Reflectivity, Aerospace engineering, Long wavelength infrared, Radiometry, Earth's atmosphere

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Response versus scan angle (RVS) is a key calibration parameter for remote sensing radiometers that make observations using a scanning optical system, such as a doubled sided scan mirror (MODIS and GLI) or a rotating telescope (SeaWiFS and VIIRS). This is because the calibration is typically performed at a fixed viewing angle whereas the Earth scene observations are made over a range of viewing angles and the system’s response is a function of the scan angle. The NASA EOS Terra MODIS has been in operation for more than four years since its launch in December 1999. It has 36 spectral bands covering wavelengths from visible (VIS) to long-wave infrared (LWIR). It is a cross-track scanning radiometer with a two-sided paddle wheel scan mirror, making observations over a wide field of view (FOV) of ±55° from nadir thereby enabling frequent global coverage. Due to pre-launch measurement limitations, the Terra MODIS thermal emissive bands (TEB) RVS characterization did not produce valid data sets that could be used to derive a reliable system level RVS. Because of this, a RVS was developed for use at launch and subsequent efforts have been made to characterize the RVS using on-orbit observations. This paper describes the Terra MODIS on-orbit characterization of TEB RVS, including the data from scanning the instrument’s closed nadir aperture door (CNAD) and the use of Earth view data collected during spacecraft deep space maneuvers (DSM). Comparisons of pre-launch analysis and early on-orbit measurements are also provided. Noticeable improvements have been made for several thermal emissive bands for observations at large angles of incidence (AOI). Using the correct RVS improves the image quality and the radiometric calibration accuracy. For bands 34-36, an adjustment of as much as 0.5-1.5K can be made at the end of scan (worst case) for mirror side 2. The impacts at smaller AOI and from mirror side 1 are much smaller. Based on RVS comparison studies and science test results, the on-orbit derived DSM RVS has been chosen for the ongoing L1B data processing and future reprocessing.

Proceedings Article | 4 November 2004 Paper

Paper

Terra MODIS RSB on-orbit calibration and performance: four years of data

Hector Erives, Xiaoxiong Xiong, Junqiang Sun, Joseph Esposito, Sanxiong Xiong, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 5570, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.565060

KEYWORDS: Calibration, MODIS, Sensors, Mirrors, Reflectivity, Diffusers, Sun, Electronics, Signal attenuation, Space operations

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Proceedings Article | 4 November 2004 Paper

Paper

Status of Aqua MODIS on-orbit calibration and characterization

Xiaoxiong Xiong, William Barnes, Kwofu Chiang, Hector Erives, Nianzeng Che, Junqiang Sun, Alice Isaacman, Vincent Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 5570, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.564940

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Mirrors, Reflectivity, Space operations, Detection and tracking algorithms, Electronics, Diffusers, Signal to noise ratio

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Proceedings Article | 26 October 2004 Paper

Paper

Modeling studies of the MODIS solar diffuser attenuation screen and comparison with on-orbit measurements

Eugene Waluschka, Xiaoxiong Xiong, David Moyer, Bruce Guenther, William Barnes, Vincent Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 5542, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.560755

KEYWORDS: Sun, Diffusers, Mirrors, Sensors, MODIS, Calibration, Signal attenuation, Ray tracing, Space operations, Computer simulations

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Proceedings Article | 26 October 2004 Paper

Paper

Inter-comparison of radiometric calibration of Terra and Aqua MODIS 11-μm and 12-μm bands

Aisheng Wu, Xiaoxiong Xiong, Changyong Cao, Xiangqian Wu, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 5542, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.558256

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Temperature metrology, Sensors, Radiometry, Space operations, Black bodies, Infrared radiation, Environmental sensing, Spatial resolution

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Proceedings Article | 26 October 2004 Paper

Paper

MODIS on-orbit calibration: key issues and approaches

Xiaoxiong Xiong, K. Chiang, Junqiang Sun, Nianzeng Che, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 5542, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.558191

KEYWORDS: Calibration, MODIS, Sensors, Diffusers, Short wave infrared radiation, Reflectivity, Mirrors, Long wavelength infrared, Near infrared, Spectral calibration

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Proceedings Article | 26 October 2004 Paper

Paper

MODIS reflective solar bands uncertainty analysis

Joseph Esposito, Xiaoxiong Xiong, Aisheng Wu, Junqiang Sun, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 5542, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.558106

KEYWORDS: Reflectivity, Calibration, MODIS, Sensors, Diffusers, Vignetting, Uncertainty analysis, Space operations, Signal to noise ratio, Signal attenuation

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Proceedings Article | 26 October 2004 Paper

Paper

MODIS thermal emissive bands calibration uncertainty analysis

Kwo-Fu Chiang, Xiaoxiong Xiong, Aisheng Wu, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 5542, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.558072

KEYWORDS: Calibration, Sensors, MODIS, Mirrors, Uncertainty analysis, Black bodies, Detection and tracking algorithms, Space operations, Reflectivity, Signal detection

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Proceedings Article | 26 October 2004 Paper

Paper

MODIS instrument status and operational activities

William Barnes, Xiaoxiong Xiong, Vincent Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 5542, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.558185

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Electronics, Mirrors, Space operations, Near infrared, Long wavelength infrared, Diffusers, Reflectivity

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Proceedings Article | 2 February 2004 Paper

Paper

Aqua MODIS first year on-orbit calibration and performance

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Kwo-Fu Chiang, Junqiang Sun, Nianzeng Che, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 5234, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.510580

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Mirrors, Reflectivity, Diffusers, Satellites, Space operations, Radiometry, Signal to noise ratio

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Proceedings Article | 2 February 2004 Paper

Paper

Using the moon for MODIS on-orbit spatial characterization

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Junqiang Sun, S. Xiong, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 5234, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.510570

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Sensors, Calibration, Near infrared, Remote sensing, Satellites, Algorithm development, Spectral calibration, Reflectivity, Sensor calibration

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Proceedings Article | 2 February 2004 Paper

Paper

MODIS correction algorithm for out-of-band response in the short-wave IR bands

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Kwo-Fu Chiang, Farida Adimi, Weiwei Li, Hiroshi Yatagai, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 5234, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.510261

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Short wave infrared radiation, Sensors, Calibration, Long wavelength infrared, Near infrared, Algorithm development, Infrared sensors, Mid-IR, Space operations

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Proceedings Article | 10 November 2003 Paper

Paper

Development, characterization, and performance of the EOS MODIS sensors

William Barnes, Xiaoxiong Xiong, Bruce Guenther, Vince Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 5151, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.504818

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Sensors, Satellites, Imaging systems, Calibration, Space operations, Mirrors, Radiometry, Space telescopes, Telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 10 November 2003 Paper

Paper

On-orbit characterization of a solar diffuser’s bidirectional reflectance factor using spacecraft maneuvers

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Junqiang Sun, Joe Esposito, Xiaojin Liu, William Barnes, B. Guenther

Proceedings Volume 5151, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.504802

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Reflectivity, Diffusers, Sensors, Mirrors, Space operations, Near infrared, Satellites, Infrared radiation

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Proceedings Article | 10 November 2003 Paper

Paper

MODIS Level 1B calibration and data products

Alice Isaacman, Gary Toller, William Barnes, Bruce Guenther, Xiaoxiong Xiong

Proceedings Volume 5151, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.507957

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Reflectivity, Binary data, Black bodies, Infrared radiation, Spatial resolution, Data centers, Space operations

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Proceedings Article | 10 November 2003 Paper

Paper

On-orbit spectral characterization results for Terra MODIS reflective solar bands

Nianzeng Che, Xiaoxiong Xiong, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 5151, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.504811

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Reflectivity, Monochromators, Spectral calibration, Lamps, Mirrors, Radiometry, Diffusers

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Proceedings Article | 10 November 2003 Paper

Paper

Detector stability of the Terra MODIS thermal emissive bands

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Kwo-Fu Chiang, Na Chen, S. Xiong, Aisheng Wu, Farida Adimi, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 5151, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.504827

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Calibration, MODIS, Black bodies, Long wavelength infrared, Near infrared, Mirrors, Electronics, Signal to noise ratio, Spatial resolution

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Proceedings Article | 9 April 2003 Paper

Paper

MODIS thermal emissive bands calibration algorithm and on-orbit performance

Xiaoxiong Xiong, K. Chiang, Bruce Guenther, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 4891, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.466083

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Black bodies, Mirrors, Long wavelength infrared, Detection and tracking algorithms, Electronics, Photovoltaics, Diffusers

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Proceedings Article | 9 April 2003 Paper

Paper

MODIS reflective solar bands calibration algorithm and on-orbit performance

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Jun-Qiang Sun, Joseph Esposito, Bruce Guenther, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 4891, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.466096

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Diffusers, Reflectivity, Signal to noise ratio, Space operations, Short wave infrared radiation, Mirrors, Data modeling

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Proceedings Article | 8 April 2003 Paper

Paper

MODIS on-orbit characterization using the Moon

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Jun-Qiang Sun, K. Chiang, S. Xiong, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 4881, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.462498

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Sensors, Mirrors, Reflectivity, Radio optics, Sun, Diffusers, Space operations, Image registration

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Proceedings Article | 8 April 2003 Paper

Paper

Early on-orbit calibration results from Aqua MODIS

Xiaoxiong Xiong, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 4881, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.463018

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Sensors, Calibration, Reflectivity, Signal to noise ratio, Ocean optics, Diffusers, Short wave infrared radiation, Mirrors, Black bodies

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Proceedings Article | 24 September 2002 Paper

Paper

Aqua MODIS thermal emissive bands calibration algorithm and preliminary results

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Vincent Chiang, Na Chen, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 4814, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.451986

KEYWORDS: Sensors, MODIS, Calibration, Mirrors, Black bodies, Space operations, Imaging systems, Algorithm development, Space mirrors, Detection and tracking algorithms

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Proceedings Article | 24 September 2002 Paper

Paper

Trending results of MODIS optics on-orbit degradation

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Aisheng Wu, Joseph Esposito, Jun-Qiang Sun, Nianzeng Che, Bruce Guenther, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 4814, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.451978

KEYWORDS: Calibration, Mirrors, MODIS, Sensors, Sun, Diffusers, Reflectivity, Space operations, Visible radiation, Spectral calibration

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Proceedings Article | 24 September 2002 Paper

Paper

On-orbit spatial characterizations for Terra MODIS

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Nianzeng Che, Farida Adimi, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 4814, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.451974

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Modulation transfer functions, Staring arrays, MODIS, Long wavelength infrared, Near infrared, Signal detection, Calibration, Reticles, Remote sensing

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Proceedings Article | 12 December 2001 Paper

Paper

Degradation of MODIS optics and its reflective solar bands calibration

Xiaoxiong Xiong, Joseph Esposito, Jun-Qiang Sun, C. Pan, Bruce Guenther, William Barnes

Proceedings Volume 4540, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.450646

KEYWORDS: MODIS, Calibration, Mirrors, Sensors, Sun, Reflectivity, Diffusers, Data processing, Ocean optics, Imaging systems

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Proceedings Article | 28 December 1999 Paper

Paper

On-orbit measurement of response vs. scan angle for the infrared bands on TRMM/VIRS

William Barnes, Cheng-Hsuan Lyu, Robert Barnes

Proceedings Volume 3870, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.373188

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, MODIS, Reflectivity, Sensors, Signal to noise ratio, Infrared radiation, Infrared imaging, Calibration, Data modeling, Silver

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Proceedings Article | 27 January 1997 Paper

Paper

Characterization and calibration results from the Visible and Infrared Scanner (VIRS) for the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM)

William Barnes, Robert Barnes, Alan Holmes

Proceedings Volume 2957, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.265441

KEYWORDS: Calibration, Black bodies, Infrared radiation, Diffusers, Thermography, Mirrors, Sensors, Reflectivity, Temperature metrology, Visible radiation

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Proceedings Article | 16 November 1992 Paper

Paper

MODIS: a global imaging spectroradiometer for the Earth Observing System

William Barnes, Vincent Salomonson

Proceedings Volume 10269, 102690G (1992) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.161578

KEYWORDS: Imaging systems, MODIS, Sensors, Space operations, Phase modulation, Data centers, Climate change, Climatology, Spatial resolution, Signal to noise ratio

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Showing 5 of 66 publications

Proceedings Volume Editor (11)

SPIE Conference Volume | 26 October 2004

Earth Observing Systems IX

SPIE Conference Volume | 10 November 2003

Earth Observing Systems VIII

SPIE Conference Volume | 24 September 2002

Earth Observing Systems VII

SPIE Conference Volume | 18 January 2002

Earth Observing Systems VI

SPIE Conference Volume | 15 November 2000

Earth Observing Systems V

Showing 5 of 11 publications

Conference Committee Involvement (10)

Earth Observing Systems IX

4 August 2004 | Denver, Colorado, United States

Earth Observing Systems VIII

3 August 2003 | San Diego, California, United States

Earth Observing Systems VII

7 July 2002 | Seattle, WA, United States

Earth Observing Systems VI

1 August 2001 | San Diego, CA, United States

Earth Observing Systems V

2 August 2000 | San Diego, CA, United States

Showing 5 of 10 Conference Committees

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