Atmospheric turbulence in the satellite-to-ground laser communication link tends to affect the stability and reliability of laser link. The turbulence phase screen is an important method to study the effects of atmosphere turbulence in the satellite-to-ground laser communication link. The turbulence phase screen is simulated by fast Fourier transform (FFT) method and subharmonic method in this paper. The relative error and mean square error of phase structure function (PSF) with different subharmonic orders are calculated. The atmospheric turbulence experiment was designed. Analysis results show that compared with third order and eighth order subharmonic compensation, relative error of the phase screen with fifth order subharmonic compensation is less than 10% as the turbulence scale is 0.3 meter. The normalized mean square error is less than 0.2 as the probability is higher than 60%. Compared with the third order and eighth order subharmonic compensation, the fifth order subharmonic compensation is more accurately.
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