For cooled 320×240 staring focal plane array (FPA), a novel long wavelength infrared dual field-of-view optical system is presented in the paper. The optical system is composed of re-imaging part and zooming part. The parameters of the system are 1.96 f/number, 100% cold shield efficiency, 180mm/60mm effective focal length (EFL) and 8-10 μm spectrum region. The optical system is analyzed from two modes of narrow field of view (NFOV) and wide field of view (WFOV). The system can be used in the temperature range from-30°Cand 60°C without significant degradation of optical performance. The final test results prove the designed performance is good..
Apoptosis is an evolutionary conserved cellular process that plays an important role during development, but it is also
involved in tissue homeostasis and in many diseases. To study the characteristics of suicide gene system of the herpes
simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene in tumor cells and explore the apoptosis phenomena in this system and its
effect on the human adenoid cystic carcinoma line ACC-M cell, we detected apoptosis of CD3- (ECFP-CRS-DsRed) and
TK-GFP-expressing ACC-M (ACC-M-TK-GFP-CD3) cells induced by acyclovir (ACV) using fluorescence resonance
energy transfer (FRET) technique. CD3 is a FRET-based indicator for activity of caspase-3, which is composed of an
enhanced cyan fluorescent protein, a caspase-3 sensitive linker, and a red fluorescent protein from Discosoma with
efficient maturation property. FRET from ECFP to DsRed could be detected in normal ACC-M-TK-GFP-CD3 cells, and
the FRET efficient was remarkably decreased and then disappeared during the cells apoptosis induced by ACV. It was
due to the activated caspase-3 cleaved the CD3 fusion protein. In this study, the results suggested that the AVC-induced
apoptosis of ACC-M-TK-GFP-CD3 cells was through caspase-3 pathway.
Apoptosis is an evolutionary conserved cellular process that plays an important role during development, but it is also
involved in tissue homeostasis and in many diseases. To study the characteristics of suicide gene system of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene in tumor cells and explore the apoptosis phenomena in this system and its
effect on the human adenoid cystic carcinoma line ACC-M cell, we detected apoptosis of CD3- (ECFP-CRS-DsRed) and
TK-GFP-expressing ACC-M (ACC-M-TK-GFP-CD3) cells induced by acyclovir (ACV) using fluorescence resonance
energy transfer (FRET) technique. CD3 is a FRET-based indicator for activity of caspase-3, which is composed of an
enhanced cyan fluorescent protein, a caspase-3 sensitive linker, and a red fluorescent protein from Discosoma with
efficient maturation property. FRET from ECFP to DsRed could be detected in normal ACC-M-TK-GFP-CD3 cells, and
the FRET efficient was remarkably decreased and then disappeared during the cells apoptosis induced by ACV. It was
due to the activated caspase-3 cleaved the CD3 fusion protein. In this study, the results suggested that the ACV-induced
apoptosis of ACC-M-TK-GFP-CD3 cells was through caspase-3 pathway.
KEYWORDS: Bacteria, Luminescence, Whole body imaging, Green fluorescent protein, In vivo imaging, Digital cameras, Abdomen, Visualization, Tumors, Optical imaging
We describe imaging the luminance of red fluorescent protein (DsRed2)-expressing bacteria from outside intact infected animals. This simple, nonintrusive technique can show in great detail the temporal behavior of the infectious process. Fluorescence stereo microscope, laser and cooled CCD are expensive to many institutes, we set up an inexpensive compact whole-body fluorescent imaging tool, which consisted of a digital camera, fluorescence filters and a mercury 50-W lamp power supply as excitation light source. The bacteria, expressing the DsRed2, are sufficiently bright as to be clearly visible from outside the infected animal and recorded with simple equipment. Introduced bacteria were observed in the abdomen. Instantaneous real-time images of the infectious process were acquired by using a digital camera by simply illuminating nude mice with mercury lamp. The development of infection over 48 hours and its regression after kanamycin treatment were visualized by whole-body imaging. The DsRed2 was excited directly by mercury lamp with EF500/50 nm band-pass filter and fluorescence was recorded by digital camera with CB580 nm long-pass filter. By this easy operation tool, the authors imaged, in real time, fluorescent tumors growing in live mice. The imaging system is external and noninvasive. For one year our experiments suggested the imaging scheme was feasible, which affords a powerful approach to visualizing the infection process.
Issue of tumor has been a hotspot of current medicine. It is important for tumor research to detect tumors bearing in animal models easily, fast, repetitively and noninvasivly. Many researchers have paid their increasing interests on the detecting. Some contrast agents, such as green fluorescent protein (GFP) and Discosoma red fluorescent protein (Dsred) were applied to enhance image quality. Three main kinds of imaging scheme were adopted to visualize fluorescent protein expressing tumors in vivo. These schemes based on fluorescence stereo microscope, cooled charge-coupled-device (CCD) or camera as imaging set, and laser or mercury lamp as excitation light source. Fluorescence stereo microscope, laser and cooled CCD are expensive to many institutes. The authors set up an inexpensive compact whole-body fluorescent imaging tool, which consisted of a Kodak digital camera (model DC290), fluorescence filters(B and G2;HB Optical, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China) and a mercury 50-W lamp power supply (U-LH50HG;Olympus Optical, Japan) as excitation light source. The EGFP was excited directly by mercury lamp with D455/70 nm band-pass filter and fluorescence was recorded by digital camera with 520nm long-pass filter. By this easy operation tool, the authors imaged, in real time, fluorescent tumors growing in live mice. The imaging system is external and noninvasive. For half a year our experiments suggested the imaging scheme was feasible. Whole-body fluorescence optical imaging for fluorescent expressing tumors in nude mouse is an ideal tool for antitumor, antimetastatic, and antiangiogenesis drug screening.
This paper reports the preliminary results for an on-going program in wafer-level MEMS package. In this particular paper, three closed-loop microheaters of 5μm, 7μm and 9μm width were designed. By reactive ion sputtering technique, two classes of samples were presented. The first one was first co-sputtered with nickel / chromium (Ni/Cr) alloy and then sputtered with gold(Au) metal as heating material; the second one was sputtered with Cr, tin (Sn) and Au respectively as heating material. The bonding of the former sample based on the Ni/Cr and Au heating material failed. The eutectic bonding experiment of the later sample based on the Cr, Sn and Au heating material by global heating method was completed in annealing oven at temperature of about 400 deg. C. for 20 minutes. The SEM testing result showed the eutectic bonding of Au-Sn by global heating was successful. More results will be reported in future.
A new method, self-alignment process is introduced to fabricate microlens arrays. By this method, during fabrication process, the rigorous alignment, which has great effect on diffraction efficiency in the conventional multi-photolithography process, is avoided. The large arrays of 1500 × 640 element silica microlens with 8-phase-level are manufactured by this method. The measurement results show that the 8-phase-level microlens arrays diffraction efficiency is as high as 93%, which is higher than by the conventional method.
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