KEYWORDS: Imaging systems, 3D image processing, Reconstruction algorithms, 3D acquisition, 3D modeling, Detection and tracking algorithms, Algorithm development, Digital cameras, Projection systems, Edge detection
This paper proposes a new fast and high-resolution color structured-light-based 3D imaging system. Unlike the expensive laser-based 3D imaging system, our hand-held system contains a commercial digital camera and two special designed projectors, the cost is much lower. Only two images are necessarily to reconstruct the 3D model with textures. One projector illuminates white light for texture imaging, the other projector projects special designed pattern for 3D information imaging. 384 vertical color bars (comprised of six primary colors) with special coding are projected onto the target, our proposed algorithm detects edges between any two successive color bars. From decoding algorithm the correct locations of edges are derived. Then the calibration algorithm finds accurate positions of edges in 3D space with triangulation. Color bars can be seriously distorted by colorful objects. Edges and colors of the object may cause edges of color bars to be broken segments. And some bars even show very different colors. A curve reconstruction algorithm is developed to reconstruct the complete edge from residual edge segments. And a robust color decoding algorithm can recover the correct color sequence even when many color bars are seriously distorted. The suggested approach has been implemented and the preliminary results show the resolution can compete with laser 3D imaging systems and -0.2~+0.2 mm accuracy is achieved.
KEYWORDS: Cameras, Stereoscopic cameras, 3D modeling, 3D acquisition, 3D image reconstruction, Imaging systems, Optical filters, 3D image processing, Laser scanners, Detection and tracking algorithms
The paper presents a novel 3-D hand-held camera to get the depth information from a single snap shot. Traditionally, a stereo system needs two cameras to reconstruct the 3-D shape. We propose a technique which can be applied to the commercial digital signal camera, and make the 2D camera be able to capture 3D information. The proposed 3-D hand-held camera contains three major components: a flash, a commercial camera, and a triaperture lens. The flash projects the speckle pattern onto the object and the camera captures a single snap shot at the same time. In order to embed the 3-D information in one captured image, we use a novel lens containing three off-axis apertures, where each aperture was attached one color filter. Therefore, a captured image carries the information from three different viewing directions. A hierarchical pseudo sub-pixel correlation algorithm is proposed to compute the disparity vectors at a fast speed. It is an adaptive block-based correlation process based on the sparse array of the extracted features. The experimental results show that our approach is robust and convincing.
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