Cryogenic optical technology aimed at reducing background radiation is the main way to improve the infrared detection capability of space cameras. This paper elaborates on the method of assembly and testing for a cryogenic optics infrared camera with full optical path cooling from the perspective of engineering applications, providing a certain reference for the development of other cryogenic optical cameras. An elastic support framing method for ZnSe lens is proposed, by matching the stiffness of the elastic support structure, and using the rod tooling to accurately and quantitatively compress the spring, the lens meets the requirements of the mechanical environment. The RMS change of the surface accuracy from room temperature to 90K is less than 0.02λ, and the effectiveness of the framing method is verified by experiments. The assembly method of thermal conductive components was optimized. By comparing the working temperature and contact heat transfer coefficient of different interface thermal conductive fillers, indium foil was selected as the optimal interface material. Through simulation analysis of interface contact pressure, the optimal mechanical connection method was formulated. The installation method of multilayer insulation are improved. By staggered lapping, reserving low temperature shrinkage allowance, increasing the multi-layer interval, the thermal insulation effect of MLI has been significantly improved. By using the method of presetting the focal plane at room temperature and conducting over focusing tests under low temperature conditions, the optimal focal plane position is determined to ensure that the camera MTF and energy concentration meet the requirements.
Aiming at the problems of poor safety, reliability and assembly consistency of manual assembly of large segmented optical components, a dual manipulator automatic assembly method is proposed. First of all, a modular automatic assembly system is built, and the interactive cooperation mode of dual robotic arms is adopted to realize the function exchange of the two robotic arms and meet the requirements of a wider and larger visual identification and assembly range. Then, the 3D spatial grasping and assembly relationship is established by the “point cloud stitching” technology based on marker points, and the system calibration is completed. Finally, a “step-by-step” point-by-point approximation assembly strategy is proposed, which corrects the error through binocular vision guidance to improve the final assembly accuracy, which meets the requirements of high assembly accuracy and strong consistency of large-scale segmented optical components.
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