The development of large-aperture telescopes employing monolithic mirrors has been greatly limited by technical constraints and the difficulty of processing and manufacturing. The sparse aperture imaging system employing multiple small-sub apertures arranged and combined onto a co-phasing surface can achieve the equivalent resolution to the fullyfilled aperture system, which brings new research ideas for astronomical observation and ground survey. However, the sparsity of apertures will result in blurred imaging. In this paper, we focus on the high-resolution imaging from the geostationary orbit and propose a restoration method for blurred images obtained by the sparse aperture system with a 12- sub-aperture annular-like structure. A SASDeblurNet, containing U-shaped structures and skip connections, is proposed to rapidly restore blurred images end-to-end. MAE, MSE, DSSIM, Charbonnier, and edge loss functions are attempted to train a small amount of data sets in anticipation of better imaging results. The simulation results show that the image restored by the proposed method improves the PSNR by an average of 11 dB and the SSIM of the restoration image improves from 0.77 to 0.94, achieving a high resolution comparable to that of a full-aperture optical system. Compared with traditional non-blind deconvolution algorithms, SASDeblurNet can effectively remove the effect of artifacts. Our work shows that the proposed method has good real-time performance, generalization ability, and noise immunity, which can provide the corresponding data support for on-orbit and real-time observation of sparse aperture imaging systems.
To realize the fast and simple in-orbit aberration correction of TMA telescope, an aberration correction method based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is proposed. CNN is trained to establish the relationship between the defocus point spread function and the misalignments of the secondary mirror. The wavefront aberration caused by the figure errors of the primary mirror and the misalignments of the secondary mirror and the tertiary mirror can be compensated by adjusting the secondary mirror according to the outputs of the well-trained CNN (named as Cor-Net). This method can correct the system aberration quickly and the RMS of the system wavefront aberration is reduced from about 1.5 λ to 0.1 λ by only three correction cycles.
When space optical remote sensing system works in orbit, it is easy to be affected by the external environment such as heat, gravity and platform jitter, which makes the position of components such as secondary mirror be misaligned, resulting in the degradation of image quality. The traditional position misalignment detection technology has the disadvantages of complex device, time-consuming calculation and low accuracy. A deep learning method using convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed to predict the positional misalignment of the secondary mirror directly from the defocus point spread function (PSF). The simulation results show that the system can be restored to the original design state under a small dynamic range of position error simply and quickly, which is a great significance for space remote sensing system in-orbit alignment.
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