We present the quasi-distributed temperature measurement results in a selective catalytic reduction unit of a power plant by using a frequency-division-multiplexing optical fiber measurement system with eight intrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometric fiber sensors along a single fiber. The sensor was constructed by splicing a section of multimode fiber between single mode fibers. A high resolution swept laser interrogator was used to measure the spectrogram of the reflected light from the sensors, which contains multiple frequency components in wave number domain corresponding to sensors with different cavity lengths. The temperatures were measured by estimating the optical path length of each Fabry-Perot interferometer. Field test results show that the proposed technology can potentially be used in applications of multi-point high temperature sensing.
We describe a fiber optic extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer (EFPI) based temperature sensor that incorporates a pressure isolation fixture. The sensor has high temperature sensitivity and low pressure-induced crosstalk. The detailed analysis and discussion of the sensor design, the signal demodulation algorithm, and the sensor fabrication as well as the sensor performance are presented.
We present the principle, fabrication, and characterization of a novel wavefront splitting intrinsic Fabry-Perot fiber temperature sensor. The sensor is made by splicing a section of fused silica tubing to the tip of a single-mode fiber. The completed sensor has the same diameter as the fiber and the sensor length is less than 0.5 mm.
This paper describes a diaphragm-based external Fabry-Perot interferometric (EFPI) fiber acoustic sensor with pressure-isolation structure. The structure minimizes the crosstalk generated by environmental pressure while enables considerable amount of acoustic signal power being delivered to the sensor, which allows the sensor to work in high-pressure environment. The detailed analysis on sensor design, pressure isolation and sensor fabrication as well as sensor performance are presented.
This paper describes the effort in developing a sapphire temperature prototype sensor for coal gasifier applications. The sensor is tested in laboratory to 1600 degree C and demonstrated 0.47% accuracy with respect to full measurement range. The efforts on sensor prototype development ranging from sensor probe packaging at each level, sensor electronics, LED modulation to remote data access are addressed.
Sapphire (single crystal alumina) has superior optical and mechanical properties. With a very high melting point of about 2050°C, sapphire fiber is an excellent candidate in optical fiber sensing area for high-temperature measurements. This paper presents a new type of sapphire-fiber-based extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometric (EFPI) temperature sensor. The spectral interference pattern is generated by a sapphire diaphragm placed in front of the sapphire fiber. The sensing element is interrogated by a white-light source. Temperature is demodulated from the spectral change of interference pattern. Prototype sensor is tested at high temperature up to 1545°C. Both theoretical and experimental analysis are presented. Preliminary data shows the sensor is very promising for measuring ultra-high temperature.
We compare the penetration rate of water in sapphire and silica optical fibers at elevated temperature and pressure, which are usually the conditions in harsh environment sensing applications. The water penetration rate is studied by measuring the transmission attenuation rate at 1390 nm for both fibers. The experimental result shows sapphire fiber is much more water-resistant in such an environment compared to silica fiber, which suggests that it is a strong candidate for harsh environment fiber sensing.
In this paper, we present a novel design of a fiber optic flow sensor system for single-phase fluid flow detection. This new system is based on the principle of broadband interferometry and cantilever beam bending. The fiber optic sensor system utilizes two fiber ferrule sensors that are bonded on both sides of a cantilever beam. The flow rate can be determined by monitoring the air gap changes caused by bending of the cantilever beam. Cross-sensitivity of the temperature and pressure dependence of the sensor can be compensated for automatically. The prototype sensor system was fabricated and tested on the lab-scale with preliminary evaluations completed. Field-testing was performed in the indoor and outdoor flow loops of Tulsa University in Tulsa, Okalahoma. Both the lab-scale and field-testing results verified that the designed flow sensor system could measure the single-phase fluid flow rate with high resolution and repeatability by compensating the thermal and pressure effects of the environment. The outdoor field-testing demonstrated the feasibility of the designed fiber optic flow sensor for single-phase fluid flow rate measurements in the oil fields.
Detailed studies on fiber optic pressure and temperature sensors for oil down-hole applications are described in this paper. The sensor head is an interferometric based fiber optic senor in which the air-gap will change with the pressure or temperature. For high-speed applications, a novel self-calibrating interferometric/intensity-based (SCIIB) scheme, which realizes compensations for both the light source drift and the fiber loss variation, was used to demodulate the pressure (or temperature) signals. An improved white light system was developed for sensor fabrication. This system is also used as the signal demodulation system providing very high resolution. Experiment results show that the SCIIB system achieves 0.1% accuracy with a 0-8000psi working range for the pressure sensor and a 0-600 degree(s)C working range for the temperature sensor. The resolution of the white light system is about +/- 0.5 nm with a dynamic range up to 10 micrometers. The long -term testing results in the oil site are also presented in this paper.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.