With the rapid development of science and technology, countries around the world have established widely distributed high-voltage power transmission networks. The high-voltage power transmission network can be equivalent to a huge antenna array that emits a stable 50/60 Hz electromagnetic field into the surrounding space. The power frequency electromagnetic field has the characteristics of strong penetration, non-contact, all-weather, etc. The local power frequency electromagnetic anomaly caused by the interaction between the power frequency electromagnetic field and the ferromagnetic target can be used for target detection. This paper studies the generation and spatial distribution of the power frequency electromagnetic field, analyzes the mechanism of the interaction between the power frequency electromagnetic field and the ferromagnetic target, and measures the changes of the power frequency electromagnetic field when the external vehicle passes by. It shows that the interaction between the power frequency electromagnetic field and the ferromagnetic target can produce obvious local power frequency electromagnetic field abnormal signals, which provides the necessary theoretical basis for the subsequent power frequency electromagnetic field detection of ferromagnetic targets.
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