Analysis of smear in high-resolution remote sensing satellites

Walid A. Wahballah; Taher M. Bazan; Fawzy El-Tohamy; Mahmoud Fathy

doi:10.1117/12.2241634

19 October 2016 Analysis of smear in high-resolution remote sensing satellites

Walid A. Wahballah, Taher M. Bazan, Fawzy El-Tohamy, Mahmoud Fathy

Proceedings Volume 10000, Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XX; 100001J (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2241634
Event: SPIE Remote Sensing, 2016, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Abstract

High-resolution remote sensing satellites (HRRSS) that use time delay and integration (TDI) CCDs have the potential to introduce large amounts of image smear. Clocking and velocity mismatch smear are two of the key factors in inducing image smear. Clocking smear is caused by the discrete manner in which the charge is clocked in the TDI-CCDs. The relative motion between the HRRSS and the observed object obliges that the image motion velocity must be strictly synchronized with the velocity of the charge packet transfer (line rate) throughout the integration time. During imaging an object off-nadir, the image motion velocity changes resulting in asynchronization between the image velocity and the CCD’s line rate. A Model for estimating the image motion velocity in HRRSS is derived. The influence of this velocity mismatch combined with clocking smear on the modulation transfer function (MTF) is investigated by using Matlab simulation. The analysis is performed for cross-track and along-track imaging with different satellite attitude angles and TDI steps. The results reveal that the velocity mismatch ratio and the number of TDI steps have a serious impact on the smear MTF; a velocity mismatch ratio of 2% degrades the MTF_smear by 32% at Nyquist frequency when the TDI steps change from 32 to 96. In addition, the results show that to achieve the requirement of MTF_smear ≥ 0.95 , for TDI steps of 16 and 64, the allowable roll angles are 13.7° and 6.85° and the permissible pitch angles are no more than 9.6° and 4.8°, respectively.

Conference Presentation

Citation Download Citation

Walid A. Wahballah, Taher M. Bazan, Fawzy El-Tohamy, and Mahmoud Fathy "Analysis of smear in high-resolution remote sensing satellites", Proc. SPIE 10000, Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites XX, 100001J (19 October 2016); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2241634

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