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Rare-earth doped single crystal (SC) yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) fibers have great potential as high-power laser gain media. SC fibers combine the superior material properties of crystals with the advantages of a fiber geometry. Improving processing techniques, growth of low-loss YAG SC fibers have been reported. A low-cost technique that allows for the growth of optical quality Ho:YAG single crystal (SC) fibers with different dopant concentrations have been developed and discussed. This technique is a low-cost sol-gel based method which offers greater flexibility in terms of dopant concentration. Self-segregation of Nd ions in YAG SC fibers have been observed. Such a phenomenon can be utilized to fabricate monolithic SC fibers with graded index.
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Subhabrata Bera, Craig D. Nie, James A. Harrington, Long Cheng, Stephen C. Rand, Yuan Li, Eric G. Johnson, "Growth of rare-earth doped single crystal yttrium aluminum garnet fibers," Proc. SPIE 10511, Solid State Lasers XXVII: Technology and Devices, 105111P (20 February 2018); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2292275