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12 April 2021 Challenges to detection: humidity as a spur to chemical agent change
Danielle L. Saunders, Kai-For Mo, Russell G. Tonkyn, Catherine A. Banach, Carlos G. Fraga, James E. Szecsody, Benjamin F. Cappello, Timothy J. Johnson, Tanya L. Myers
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Proceedings Volume 11749, Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing XXII; 117490P (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2588322
Event: SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing, 2021, Online Only
Abstract
Detecting chemical agents in outdoor environments such as a battlefield is made challenging by not only the spurious signatures from background chemicals and surfaces (e.g. asphalt, dirt, concrete), but also by the chemical transformation of the actual agents. The change of CW agents to other species can be catalyzed by other chemicals present in the scene, by different substrates, as well as by local weather conditions. Some of the final environmental transformation products are known (e.g. for the G agents methylphosphonic acid), but many of the intermediate chemical states are not, nor are the rates of transformation to the other intermediates or the end products. In this study we have made preliminary optical investigations into the degradation products of a G-agent intermediate, namely methylphosphonic anhydride and its rate of conversion to the more stable methylphosphonic acid. Using infrared and Raman spectroscopies, we have found that the relative humidity greatly affects the rate of change and we report first results from these studies.
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Danielle L. Saunders, Kai-For Mo, Russell G. Tonkyn, Catherine A. Banach, Carlos G. Fraga, James E. Szecsody, Benjamin F. Cappello, Timothy J. Johnson, and Tanya L. Myers "Challenges to detection: humidity as a spur to chemical agent change", Proc. SPIE 11749, Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing XXII, 117490P (12 April 2021); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2588322
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KEYWORDS
Humidity
Infrared spectroscopy
Chemical weapons
Environmental sensing
Infrared radiation
Raman spectroscopy
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