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Photoplethysmography (PPG) is an optical technique that monitors oxygen saturation levels that is captured by pulse oximeters and some wearables such as smartwatches. The technique has been shown to overestimate oxyhemoglobin saturation in patients with darker skin, potentially leading to silent hypoxia and a disproportionately higher number of deaths in black and brown COVID-19 patients. We demonstrate a novel PPG technique that uses radially polarized light created by light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to address this problem. Our method performs single-shot, multiple polarization measurements using a single wavelength. We present a new use for vector-beams as well as the first demonstration of vector-beam generation using LEDs.
Rutendo Jakachira,Mbaye Diouf, andKimani C. Toussaint Jr.
"Rapid blood-oxygenation-saturation measurement using radially polarized light from light-emitting diodes", Proc. SPIE 11956, Biophotonics in Exercise Science, Sports Medicine, Health Monitoring Technologies, and Wearables III, 119560B (2 March 2022); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2608805
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Rutendo Jakachira, Mbaye Diouf, Kimani C. Toussaint Jr., "Rapid blood-oxygenation-saturation measurement using radially polarized light from light-emitting diodes," Proc. SPIE 11956, Biophotonics in Exercise Science, Sports Medicine, Health Monitoring Technologies, and Wearables III, 119560B (2 March 2022); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2608805