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The structure of the receptive fields of simple cells in the visual cortex can be approximated by the Gabor function, defined as the product of a Gaussian function and a sine wave. We aim to study the mechanism of visual information processing in organisms based on a constructive method utilizing the fabrication of an artificial receptive field using a kind of protein. Bacteriorhodopsin (bR) is a retinal protein that composes the cell membrane of halophilic bacteria and resembles the human visual pigment rhodopsin. BR nano-ink was printed in the shape of a Gabor function on two transparent electrodes by a material printer to produce a Gabor filter that mimics the simple cell receptive field. The café wall illusion was detected using this artificial receptive field, and the results were compared with the simulation results.
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