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Ultra-weak fiber Bragg grating (UWFBG) sensing technology has considerable multiplexing capacity on one fiber. Therefore, UWFBG have the potential of distributed monitoring, and its monitoring accuracy is higher than that of distributed optical fiber sensing technology. In this work, a novel deformation monitoring method based on UWFBG for high-speed railway girders was proposed, and the deformation of a real high-speed railway girder was monitored by UWFBG. In the test, an UWFBG array was pasted on the bottom of a real high-speed railway beam by epoxy resin, and a vibrating wire strain gauge was pasted in the middle of the span for comparison. The beam was loaded step by step through a reaction frame. During the loading process, the deformation of the beam at different positions was recorded by the UWFBG array. The results show that this method can effectively monitor the deformation of high-speed railway girder, and provide safety guarantee for the normal operation of high-speed railway.
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