Enabling persistent monitoring of littoral areas with smart unmanned assets

Jakob B. U. Haldorsen; Caleb Christensen; D. Rick Metzbower; Audrius Berzanskis

doi:10.1117/12.2664825

12 June 2023 Enabling persistent monitoring of littoral areas with smart unmanned assets

Jakob B. U. Haldorsen, Caleb Christensen, D. Rick Metzbower, Audrius Berzanskis

Proceedings Volume 12543, Ocean Sensing and Monitoring XV; 125430K (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2664825
Event: SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing, 2023, Orlando, Florida, United States

Abstract

Recent incidences of sabotage of Oil and Gas pipelines in the Baltic Sea have made it clear that sub-sea pipelines are vulnerable and will require surveillance for protection. Harbors and ports are noisy. Pressure measurements from hydrophones allow only measurements of signal arrival times. With only this information, a dense, spatially dispersed sensor array is required for detection and localization. Using vector sensors allow additional estimation of direction of propagation at each measurement point, allowing separating signals from multiple sources. A smaller number of vector sensors can replace a larger number of scalar pressure sensors. Static sea-floor deployment of the sensor array, allows accurate mapping after deployment, reducing inaccuracies in sensor locations found in mobile systems. We describe a method that allows using multi-component sea-floor sensors to identify and track any source of acoustic energy even when the orientations of the multi-component sensors are unknown. Sources that satisfy certain simple assumptions can be used to find the absolute orientation of the multi-component sensors. The methodology allows using a simplified sensor array where a short-interval fiber-optic DAS array is combined with a sparse array of two-component, transverse-only, point sensors. We describe optical multi-component accelerometers, that are easily combinable with DAS sensor arrays. Without electronics, there is no need for power - and the risk of failure of electronics left for a long period of time is eliminated, significantly increasing the lifetime of the installation. The acquisition system for the hybrid optical array will be simpler and enable “always-on” monitoring.

Conference Presentation

Citation Download Citation

Jakob B. U. Haldorsen, Caleb Christensen, D. Rick Metzbower, and Audrius Berzanskis "Enabling persistent monitoring of littoral areas with smart unmanned assets", Proc. SPIE 12543, Ocean Sensing and Monitoring XV, 125430K (12 June 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2664825

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