Metamaterials are artificially designed materials with special electromagnetic properties that can manipulate the propagation paths of electromagnetic waves. The fabrication of metamaterials involves various physical processes, such as the adjustment of microstructure, lattice structure, and even adjustments at molecular level. By precisely controlling these processes and parameters, specific electromagnetic properties of metamaterials can be designed. The electromagnetic wave concentrator discussed in this paper is an electromagnetic metamaterial device, which can be used to reduce the size of the antenna, where the ability of miniaturization depends on the magnification of the device. The use of metamaterials can improve the directivity of antennas with the same size, which has a practical value for applications.
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