Hadamard image domain high performance EKF for low SNR, long range, small target tracking

Anthony Reid

doi:10.1117/12.2322214

1 September 1990 Hadamard image domain high performance EKF for low SNR, long range, small target tracking

Anthony Reid

Proceedings Volume 1304, Acquisition, Tracking, and Pointing IV; (1990) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2322214
Event: 1990 Technical Symposium on Optics, Electro-Optics, and Sensors, 1990, Orlando, FL, United States

Abstract

The Extended Kalman filter has been applied to track low SNR, subpixel targets and more recently for SDI applications. This approach has also been considered in long range tracking of spot targets. However the computational requirements do not fit well within the typical processing timelines of high speed missile applications therefore computationally faster but less optimal algorithms are usually selected. The computational complexity of the Extended Kalman tracking algorithm is closely related to the number of pixel observables for IR imagery. For missile closure scenarios as the target size grows so does the observation space. The Hadamard domain Extended Kalman Tracking approach first transforms IR image pixels into the Hadamard domain. A reduced set of observations in the Hadamard domain representing most of the target energy are selected to be processed by the Extended Kalman Tracker. With a significant reduction in the number pixels the Extended Kalman filter becomes computationally competitive With less optimal algorithms while preserving the optimal performance properties of Kalman filtering. This concept has been demonstrated on both synthetic and real IR imagery and shows expected improved tracking accuracy relative to the less optimal tracking algorithms. This approach is also superior to other observation space reduction techniques which do not possess the target energy preserving properties of image transforms such as the Hadamard transform

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Anthony Reid "Hadamard image domain high performance EKF for low SNR, long range, small target tracking", Proc. SPIE 1304, Acquisition, Tracking, and Pointing IV, (1 September 1990); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2322214

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KEYWORDS

Signal to noise ratio

Filtering (signal processing)

Detection and tracking algorithms

Error analysis

Electronic filtering

Target acquisition

Transform theory

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