Computer-aided design comparisons of monolithic and hybrid MEM-tunable VCSELs

Edward M. Ochoa; Thomas R. Nelson Jr.; Olga Blum-Spahn; James A. Lott

doi:10.1117/12.474395

25 July 2003 Computer-aided design comparisons of monolithic and hybrid MEM-tunable VCSELs

Edward M. Ochoa, Thomas R. Nelson Jr., Olga Blum-Spahn, James A. Lott

Proceedings Volume 4986, Physics and Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices XI; (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.474395
Event: Integrated Optoelectronics Devices, 2003, San Jose, CA, United States

Abstract

We report and use our micro-electro-mechanically tunable vertical cavity surface emitting laser (MEM-TVCSEL) computer-aided design methodology to investigate the resonant frequency design space for monolithic and hybrid MEM-TVCSELs. For various initial optical air gap thickness, we examine the sensitivity of monolithic or hybrid MEM-TVCSEL resonant frequency by simulating zero, two, and four percent variations in III-V material growth thickness. As expected, as initial optical airgap increases, tuning range decreases due to less coupling between the active region and the tuning mirror. However, each design has different resonant frequency sensitivity to variations in III-V growth parameters. In particular, since the monolithic design is comprised of III-V material, the shift in all growth thicknesses significantly shifts the resonant frequency response. However, for hybrid MEMTVCSELs, less shift results, since the lower reflector is an Au mirror with reflectivity independent of III-V growth variations. Finally, since the hybrid design is comprised of a MUMPS polysilicon mechanical actuator, pull-in voltage remains independent of the initial optical airgap between the tuning reflector and the III-V material. Conversely, as the initial airgap increases in the monolithic design, the pull-in voltage significantly increases.

Citation Download Citation

Edward M. Ochoa, Thomas R. Nelson Jr., Olga Blum-Spahn, and James A. Lott "Computer-aided design comparisons of monolithic and hybrid MEM-tunable VCSELs", Proc. SPIE 4986, Physics and Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices XI, (25 July 2003); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.474395

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