Two-photon excitation photodynamic therapy with Photofrin

Aliaksandr Karotki; Mamta Khurana; James R. Lepock; Brian C. Wilson

doi:10.1117/12.628132

14 October 2005 Two-photon excitation photodynamic therapy with Photofrin

Aliaksandr Karotki, Mamta Khurana, James R. Lepock, Brian C. Wilson

Proceedings Volume 5969, Photonic Applications in Biosensing and Imaging; 596915 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.628132
Event: Photonics North, 2005, Toronto, Canada

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) based on simultaneous two-photon (2-γ) excitation has a potential advantage of highly targeted treatment by means of nonlinear localized photosensitizer excitation. One of the possible applications of 2-γ PDT is a treatment of exodus age-related macular degeneration where highly targeted excitation of photosensitizer in neovasculature is vital for reducing collateral damage to healthy surrounding tissue. To investigate effect of 2-γ PDT Photofrin was used as an archetypal photosensitizer. First, 2-γ absorption properties of Photofrin in the 750 - 900 nm excitation wavelength range were investigated. It was shown that above 800 nm 2-γ interaction was dominant mode of excitation. The 2-γ cross section of Photofrin was rather small and varied between 5 and 10 GM (1 GM = 10^-50 cm⁴s/photon) in this wavelength range. Next, endothelial cells treated with Photofrin were used to model initial effect of 2-γ PDT on neovasculature. Ultrashort laser pulses provided by mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser (pulse duration at the sample 300 fs, repetition rate 90 MHz, mean laser power 10 mW, excitation wavelength 850 nm) were used for the excitation of the photosensitizer. Before 2-γ excitation of the Photofrin cells formed a single continuous sheet at the bottom of the well. The tightly focused laser light was scanned repeatedly over the cell layer. After irradiation the cell layer of the control cells stayed intact while cells treated with photofrin became clearly disrupted. The light doses required were high (6300 Jcm(-2) for ~ 50% killing), but 2-γ cytotoxicity was unequivocally demonstrated.

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Aliaksandr Karotki, Mamta Khurana, James R. Lepock, and Brian C. Wilson "Two-photon excitation photodynamic therapy with Photofrin", Proc. SPIE 5969, Photonic Applications in Biosensing and Imaging, 596915 (14 October 2005); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.628132

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KEYWORDS

Photodynamic therapy

Absorption

Luminescence

Femtosecond phenomena

Sapphire lasers

Continuous wave operation

Microscopes

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