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We report a miniature fiber hydrophone that consists of a Fabry-Perot interferometer made of a photonic-crystal reflector
embedded on a compliant silicon diaphragm placed at the tip of a single-mode fiber. A model was developed to show
that after proper optimization to ocean acoustics, this sensor has a minimum detectable pressure that follows the
minimum ambient noise of the ocean (reaching a minimum of ~10 μPa/Hz1/2 at ~30 kHz) in the bandwidth of 1 Hz-100
kHz. By placing several such sensors with different acoustic power ranges within a single hydrophone head, the
hydrophone is able of exhibiting a dynamic range in the excess of 200 dB. A prototype was fabricated, assembled, and
tested that confirmed this high sensitivity and bandwidth.
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Onur Kilic, Michel Digonnet, Gordon Kino, Olav Solgaard, "Photonic-crystal-diaphragm-based fiber-tip hydrophone optimized for ocean acoustics," Proc. SPIE 7004, 19th International Conference on Optical Fibre Sensors, 700405 (16 May 2008); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.785919