Detection of neuroinflammation through the retina by means of Raman spectroscopy and multivariate analysis

Monica Marro; Alice Taubes; Pablo Villoslada; Dmitri Petrov

doi:10.1117/12.921358

8 May 2012 Detection of neuroinflammation through the retina by means of Raman spectroscopy and multivariate analysis

Monica Marro, Alice Taubes, Pablo Villoslada, Dmitri Petrov

Proceedings Volume 8427, Biophotonics: Photonic Solutions for Better Health Care III; 842715 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.921358
Event: SPIE Photonics Europe, 2012, Brussels, Belgium

Abstract

Retinal nervous tissue sustains a substantial damage during the autoimmune inflammatory processes characteristic for Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The damage can be characterized non-surgically by Raman Spectroscopy, a non-invasive optical imaging technology. We used non-resonant near-infrared Raman spectrosocopy to create a spectral library of eight pivotal biomolecules known to be involved in neuroinflammation: Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucliotide (NADH), Flavin Adenine Nucleotide (FAD), Lactate, Cytochrome C, Glutamate, N-Acetyl- Aspartate (NAA), Phosphotidylcholine, with Advanced Glycolization End Products (AGEs) analyzed as a reference. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of 50 spectra taken of murine retinal tissue culture undergoing an inflammatory response and healthy controls was used in order to characterize the molecular makeup of the inflammation. The loading plots revealed a heavy influence of peaks related to Glutamate, NADH, and Phosphotidylcholine to inflammation-related spectral changes. Partial Least Squares - Discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was performed to create a multivariate classifier for the spectral diagnosis of neuroinflammed tissue and yielded a diagnostic sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 100%. We demonstrate then the effectiveness of combining Raman spectroscopy with PCA and PLS-DA statistical techniques to detect and monitor neuroinflamation in retina. With this technique Glutamate, NAA and NADH are detected in retina tissue as signs for neuroinflammation.

Citation Download Citation

Monica Marro, Alice Taubes, Pablo Villoslada, and Dmitri Petrov "Detection of neuroinflammation through the retina by means of Raman spectroscopy and multivariate analysis", Proc. SPIE 8427, Biophotonics: Photonic Solutions for Better Health Care III, 842715 (8 May 2012); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.921358

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