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We demonstrate optical trapping of a periodic array of closely spaced gold nanoparticles. To achieve the experimental result, we considered competition between optical gradient forces and strong interparticle interactions. We achieve control of the gradient forces using a photonic-crystal template designed to create a periodic optical trapping potential. We modeled the interparticle interactions using a kinetic Monte Carlo approach. The results predict the formation of different particle superstructures (such as chains or filled-in arrays) depending on lattice constant and symmetry. Using the model prediction, we designed and demonstrated a template that allows trapping of a regular periodic array.
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Ningfeng Huang, Luis J. Martinez, Eric Jaquay, Michelle L. Povinelli, "Optical epitaxial growth of gold nanoparticle arrays (Presentation Recording)," Proc. SPIE 9548, Optical Trapping and Optical Micromanipulation XII, 954811 (5 October 2015); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2190670