Two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy (2PEM) has transformed biological imaging, offering deeper tissue penetration, reduced photodamage, and improved 3D resolution. Here, we explore a cutting-edge 15 fs ultrafast laser for enhanced 2PEM. Our setup includes a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array for image scanning microscopy (ISM) and a 775 nm pulsed laser for STED microscopy.
The ultrashort excitation pulse enables higher peak powers and enhanced image clarity due to wider bandwidth. ISM with a 7x7 SPAD array (Genoa Instruments s.r.l., Genoa, Italy) provides crucial insights into imaging conditions, ensuring high-resolution and high-SNR imaging under sub-optimal and deep imaging scenarios. Additionally, our 775 nm pulsed laser implements STED for super-resolution 2PEF imaging beyond the diffraction limit.
Integrating these techniques in a single microscope platform unlocks powerful nanoscale investigations in tissues, uncovering complex cellular interactions and paving the way for breakthroughs in neurobiology, developmental biology, and cancer research.
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