The ability to modify and shape the surface of polymer and composite materials is crucial for a number of biological and electronics applications. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) and graphene are two-dimensional materials that have distinctive electrical and optical properties that are useful in many optoelectronic applications. The latest applications of graphene / MoS₂, as well as heterostructure manufacturing, properties, and applications, are discussed. Heterostructured materials, as opposed to single-component materials, are designed to provide additional functionality or flexibility. Our study focuses on their unique traits and capabilities, as well as applications, notably in the field of photodetector technology.