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It is a meaningful but challenging issue that designing illumination optics for extended sources directly. A number of direct design methods developed specifically to deal with prescribed intensity designs usually fail to produce satisfactory illumination in the near field where the influence of lens size on the irradiance distribution cannot be ignored. In this paper, a direct method of designing aspherical lenses for extended sources is introduced to achieve specified irradiance characteristics. And various types of prescribed irradiance distributions are shown in this paper to verify the broad applicability and high efficiency of the direct design method, especially two examples of producing discontinuous irradiance distributions are analyzed in detail.
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Zhanghao Ding, Yijie Dai, Yingli Liu, Lin Yang, Rengmao Wu, Zhenrong Zheng, "Design of compact and ultra-efficient aspherical lenses with prescribed irradiance characteristics for extended sources," Proc. SPIE 11548, Optical Design and Testing X, 115480J (10 October 2020); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2573472