Ultrasonic transducer is a sensor that realizes the mutual conversion of ultrasonic and electrical signals, and it is widely used in quality inspection, biomedical imaging and other fields. Commonly used ultrasonic transducers have a small detection range and low sensitivity due to the diffraction of sound waves. Focused transducers are used to improve detection sensitivity. Unfortunately, focused transducers have narrow depth of field. Here, we developed a Bessel ultrasonic transducer for large depth of field by using conical acoustic lens. An acoustic lens is attached to a unfocused ultrasonic. And the acoustic lens is a cuboid prism with a concave cone on the bottom, made of fused silica. Similar to an axicon that can generate a Bessel beam, the Bessel ultrasonic transducer can produce nondiffracting Bessel ultrasonic beams. Therefore, extended depth of field with uniformly high resolution and high detection sensitivity can be obtained. We used COMSOL to simulate the transmission of ultrasonic field of the designed conical acoustic lens, and compare it with the spherical focused ultrasonic transducer. The results show that the depth of field of the Bessel ultrasonic transducer is about 8 times that of the conventional spherical focused ultrasonic transducer. And the depth of field of the Bessel ultrasonic transducer can be further adjusted by adjusting the cone angle of the conical acoustic lens. The Bessel ultrasonic transducer will help improve the capabilities of the ultrasound probe and expand its application range. For example, an ultrasonic probe with a large depth of field will expand the imaging depth of photoacoustic microscopy and enhance its ability in non-destructive testing.
Human female breast is composed of skin, fibrous tissue, breast glands and fat. Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that occurs in the epithelial tissue of breast glands. The breast is not an important organ for maintaining human life. Breast cancer in situ is not fatal; however, because breast cancer cells lose the characteristics of normal cells, the connections between cells are loose and easy to fall off. Once the cancer cells fall off, the free cancer cells can spread throughout the body with the blood or lymph fluid, forming metastases, and endangering life. Breast cancer has become a common tumor threatening women's physical and mental health. Therefore, studying the interaction between laser and breast tissue and breast tumors has important theoretical and practical significance for the treatment of breast cancer. To this end, this research uses the commercial finite element simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics to develop a two-dimensional numerical simulation model based on finite element, which studies the propagation and heat transfer of light in the breast of breast cancer patients. In this study, the model consists of four parts: 1) water layer; 2) breast; 3) breast tumor; 4) short pulse laser source (wavelength is 840nm). The laser point source is located in the middle of the water layer above the breast tissue to irradiate the breast and tumor. Simulate the propagation of light in the breast and tumor by solving the diffusion equation. The temperature changes of breast tissue and breast tumors are obtained by solving the biological heat transfer equation. This research helps to understand the spread of light in human breasts and breast tumors and the interaction between the two, and has certain theoretical guiding significance for the research and treatment of breast cancer.
Photoacoustic imaging technology is a new functional imaging method in biomedical application field. It is based on photoacoustic effect. It combines the advantages of high resolution and rich contrast of optical imaging with the advantages of high penetration depth of acoustic imaging. It can be used for noninvasive detection of structural, functional and molecular abnormalities in biological tissues, Multi scale information of micro and macro world is detected. Photoacoustic microscope is a micro imaging device based on photoacoustic effect. It can measure the amplitude and phase of photoacoustic signals generated at different positions on the solid surface, so as to determine the optical properties, thermal properties, elasticity or geometric structure of samples. However, the traditional optical resolution photoacoustic microscopy imaging system usually uses strong focused Gaussian beam, which has long imaging time and weak penetrating ability, so it is difficult to achieve fast imaging of solid inner surface. The vortex beam has the characteristics of spiral wavefront structure, circular distribution of light intensity, definite orbital angular momentum and phase singularity. Based on the above characteristics, vortex light has high directivity, wide frequency band and wide bandwidth, which can be used for deep and efficient penetrating imaging of inner surface. In this paper, Matlab is used to generate the ideal and transmitted vortex light phase diagram and spot, and then k-wave simulation software is used to build the virtual simulation platform of vortex photoacoustic microscopy imaging system. In the MATLAB simulation, the vortex light beam irradiates on the vascular cells to image the vascular tissue. The results show that vorticity light has better penetrating ability and faster imaging speed than Gaussian light. This study is helpful to detect the deep structure and properties of vascular cells by using vortex light, and put forward a new idea for the deep fast imaging of solid surface.
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