The solar electromagnetic radiation flux is one of the important factors to evaluate the energy balance of the planet. It is
important in the studies on the properties of the atmosphere and its components as AOD, on the energy requirements for
anthropogenic activities as agriculture, industry and so on. The ever-increasing interest about the effects on the biosphere
as consequence of anthropogenic activities has contributed to develop further studies about the solar radiation and in
particular the UV band, 280-320 nm. The consequence has been a growing of instrumental site and radiometric
networks. Many decisions affecting on civil society are taken using the data of these nets and consequently it is very
important to study the effect of the environmental factors on the instrument output.
The classical electromechanical equipments have good sensibility and resolution but their handicap is the time
of the measure, generally some minutes. In this time, the sun is moved and the clouds in the sky too. The new generation
of spectrometer based on solid state technology avoid the long time measurements.
The paper show a new radiograph (fast spectroradiometer) for solar UV band 250-400 nm. It is based on CCD
array and optical fiber. The performance are compared with a Brewer spectrophotometer during a comparison campaign
close to Rome, Italy.
Emanuela Piervitali, Elena Benedetti, Alessandro Damiani, Claudio Rafanelli, Ivo Di Menno, Giovanni Casu, Fabio Malaspina, Andrea Anav, Massimo Di Menno
Solar UV radiation interacts both with atmospheric constituents, producing photochemical reactions, and with the biosphere, inducing changes or protection responses. Important for humans are the skin and eye diseases that result from UV exposure, in particular from social or recreational exposure. This leads to an evaluation of risks and to an assessment of suitable prevention strategies. Therefore, the correct evaluation of the available environmental dose is important; in fact, only a fraction of UV radiation will be absorbed by individuals depending on their outdoor activity. The more dense
the UV solar network is, the more the doses will be correct. This paper shows the results of research carried out in Vigna di Valle (Rome, Italy) during spring 2004. The available environmental doses are evaluated by the WL4UV empirical model, developed by the authors, utilizing the solar UV spectral irradiance measured by a GUV 511C multichannel radiometer. The spectra of a wide range Brewer spectrophotometer (286.5 - 363.0 nm) have been assumed as reference. As an evaluation of the model in cloudy situations, an analysis in San Diego, Calif., USA, with a SUV 100 spectroradiometer is also shown.
This paper shows the results of measurements carried out in November 2002 in the Italian Antarctic Base of Baia Terranova (74.07°S, 164.08°E) to test polysulphone film badges as possible UV personal dosimeters in such extreme environmental conditions. In the Italian Antarctic Base a multichannel radiometer GUV 511 (Biospherical Inc.) is routinely used by the Italian National Research Council (CNR) for UV irradiance at sea level. This instrument measures the intensity of the solar UV spectrum at four different wavelengths: 305, 320, 340, 380 nm, respectively. Data obtained from polysulphone badges exposed in the horizontal and the vertical configurations during diverse time lapses of the day, and from polysulphone badges worn by three volunteers of the base staff during several outdoors activities, have been compared with the irradiance data calculated from the measured values of GUV 511. A preliminary analysis of the whole data, also in the light of other recorded atmospheric and climatic parameters, shows a reasonable consistency. As also shown by previous measurements, carried out in June 2002 in the locality of Ny Alesund (Svalbard -- Artic Region), the calibration of the above mentioned personal dosimeters by means of another instrument operating in the same locality is a crucial step. Further work is required to demonstrate this approach is suitable for an acceptable evaluation of personal radiant exposures.
Solar UV irradiance measurements in Antarctica are often carried out by automatic or semiautomatic equipment. The unattended way of managing instruments needs accurate knowledge of the parameters affecting experimental data, among which cloudiness plays a fundamental role. A moderate-band multifilter radiometer and a total sky camera were installed for a test in the Italian Antarctic base (Terra Nova Bay, 74.07°S, 164.08°E) during the summer campaign 2002 - 2003. This paper shows preliminary results on the radiometer spectral data and a comparison with modelled spectral irradiances. Moreover, the radiometer integrated irradiance, computed by means of a new model, was compared with the updated Green model integrated irradiance, corrected by a cloud factor obtained from the sky camera images. Results showed good agreement on the integrated irradiances but poor results, except for 305 nm, when spectral values were analyzed.
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