In this paper, we discuss the implementation of Linear Constrained
Minimum Variance (LCMV) beamforming (BF) for a novel Wireless Local
Position System (WLPS). WLPS main components are: (a) a dynamic
base station (DBS), and (b) a transponder (TRX), both mounted on
mobiles. WLPS might be considered as a node in a Mobile Adhoc
NETwork (MANET). Each TRX is assigned an identification (ID) code.
DBS transmits periodic short bursts of energy which contains an ID
request (IDR) signal. The TRX transmits back its ID code (a signal
with a limited duration) to the DBS as soon as it detects the IDR
signal. Hence, the DBS receives non-continuous signals transmitted
by TRX.
In this work, we assume asynchronous Direct-Sequence Code Division
Multiple Access (DS-CDMA) transmission from the TRX with antenna
array/LCMV BF mounted at the DBS, and we discuss the implementation
of the observed signal covariance matrix for LCMV BF. In LCMV BF,
the observed covariance matrix should be estimated. Usually sample
covariance matrix (SCM) is used to estimate this covariance matrix
assuming a stationary model for the observed data which is the case
in many communication systems. However, due to the non-stationary
behavior of the received signal in WLPS systems, SCM does not lead
to a high WLPS performance compared to even a conventional
beamformer. A modified covariance matrix estimation method which
utilizes the cyclostationarity property of WLPS system is introduced
as a solution to this problem. It is shown that this method leads to
a significant improvement in the WLPS performance.
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