Federal regulations require companies to monitor leaks from valves, flanges, and pipes (fugitive emissions) in industrial plants on a regular basis. Honeywell has been conducting research into the use of fiber optic sensors for this purpose. The result ia a low-cost chemical dosimeter that is able to detect a variety of fugitive emissions, including various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) down to a few hundred parts per million (ppm). This sensor uses a fluorescent dye that exhibits spectral shifts when its chemical environment is changed. Greater stability is achieved because a spectral change is monitored and the sensor is not dependent on a single relative intensity measurement. Dyes are integrated into an optically clear polymer and immobilized on the tip of an optical fiber. When an analyte permeates into the polymer, a chemical interaction takes place that changes the dye's environment and therefore its spectral fluorescence. With most chemicals of interest, this is a reversible effect. Using a 'smart signal processor' (SSP), a real-time analysis can be made at a distant location. This paper discusses the details and results of a fiber optic sensor incorporating these concepts.
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