Temporal shaping of picosecond duration pulses is challenging due to limitations of direct shaping with electro-optical technologies or spectral shaping because of limited spectral content. We present an experimental implementation of a non-collinear sum frequency generation scheme wherein picosecond duration pulses with tailored temporal profiles are derived from femtosecond pulses with modified spectral phase. We demonstrate temporally shaped pulses with >20 ps duration, flat-top profile, and near transform-limited spectral content while maintaining upwards of 40% conversion efficiency. Additionally, we provide a framework for extending this technique to arbitrary temporal profiles and wavelengths.
The lasers and conventional optics used in charged-particle beam x-ray free electron laser photo-injectors are designed using fundamentally the same techniques for decades. We present a novel method for the generation and conditioning of the UV laser used for electron generation via photoemission that can enhance electron beam and X-ray performance. Additionally, we discuss laser-based spatio-temporal shaping and conditioning of electron beam phase space in order to selectively promote lasing operational modes.
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