Ms. Lauren R. Clements Profile

Lauren R. Clements

at Flinders Univ

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Proceedings Article | 30 December 2008 Paper

Preparation of chemical gradients on porous silicon by a dip coating method

Lauren Clements, Ljiljana Puskar, Mark Tobin, Frances Harding, Helmut Thissen, Nicolas Voelcker

Proceedings Volume 7267, 72670Q (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.810718

KEYWORDS: Silicon, Infrared spectroscopy, Infrared microscopy, Coating, Chemistry, Ozone, Chemical analysis, Microscopy, Synchrotrons, Infrared radiation

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Gradient surfaces have become invaluable tools for the high-throughput characterisation of biomolecule- and cellmaterial surface interactions as they allow for the screening and optimisation of surface parameters such as surface chemistry, topography and ligand density in a single experiment. Here, we have generated surface chemistry gradients on oxidised porous silicon (pSi) substrates using silane functionalisation. In these studies, pSi films with a pore size of 15- 30 nm and a layer thickness of around 1.7 ìm were utilised. The manufacture of gradient surface chemistries of silanes was performed using a simple dip coating method, whereby an increasing incubation time of the substrate in a solution of the silane led to increasing surface coverage of the silane. In this work, the hydrophobic n-octadecyldimethyl chlorosilane (ODCS) and pentafluorophenyldimethyl chlorosilane (PFPS) were used since they were expected to produce significant changes in wettability upon attachment. Chemical gradients were characterised using infrared (IR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and sessile drop water contact angle measurements. In addition, the surface chemistry of the gradient was mapped using synchrotron IR microscopy. The ODCS gradient displayed sessile drop water contact angles ranging from 12° to 71°, confirming the successful formation of a gradient. IR microscopy and an XPS line scan confirmed the formation of a chemical gradient on the porous substrate. Furthermore, the chemical gradients produced can be used for the high-throughput in vitro screening of protein and cell-surface interactions, leading to the definition of surface chemistry on nanostructured silicon which will afford improved control of biointerfacial interactions.

Proceedings Article | 27 December 2007 Paper

Preparation of two-directional gradient surfaces for the analysis of cell-surface interactions

Lauren Clements, Yit-Lung Khung, Helmut Thissen, Nicolas Voelcker

Proceedings Volume 6799, 67990W (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.759351

KEYWORDS: Silicon, Polymers, Electrodes, Plasma, Scanning electron microscopy, Chemistry, Atomic force microscopy, Etching, Glasses, Coating

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The ability to evaluate and control the cellular response to substrate materials is the key to a wide range of biomedical applications ranging from diagnostic tools to regenerative medicine. Gradient surfaces provide a simple and fast method for investigating optimal surface conditions for cellular responses such as attachment and growth. By using two orthogonal gradients on the same substrate, a large space of possible combinations can be screened simultaneously. Here, we have investigated the combination of a porous silicon (pSi) based topography gradient with a plasma polymer based thickness gradient. pSi was laterally anodised on a 1.5 × 2.5cm² silicon surface using hydrofluoric acid to form a pore size gradient along a single direction. The resulting pSi was characterised by SEM and AFM and pore sizes ranging from macro to mesoporous were found along the surface. Plasma polymerisation was used to form a thickness gradient orthogonal to the porous silicon gradient. Here, allylamine was chosen as the monomer and a mask placed over the substrate was used to achieve the thickness gradient. The analysis of this chemistry based gradient was carried out using profilometry and XPS. It is expected that orthogonal gradient substrates will be used increasingly for the in vitro screening of materials used in biomedical applications.

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