KEYWORDS: Image segmentation, Data modeling, Semantics, Transformers, Deep learning, Education and training, Image enhancement, Cultural heritage, Convolution
Moss can cause significant damages to stone artifacts. In order to effectively protect stone artifacts, it is crucial to accurately obtain information about the moss growth on the surface of the stone artifacts. In response to the laborious and inefficient process of manually detecting moss coverage on stone artifacts, this paper introduces an enhanced semantic segmentation model that integrates Swin Transformer and convolutional neural networks to accurately detect the moss coverage and growth rate. Through a comparison with current state-of-the-art models, our model outperforms them by the average intersection over union on the LoveDA and moss datasets, reaching a result of 94.79%. on the moss dataset. This indicates that our model can accurately segment rocks and moss, and thus enabling the effective calculation of moss coverage and growth rate on stone artifacts and providing vital support for their preventive protection.
FBG is used to construct pH and strain fiber optic sensors to realize online detection of oxalic acid corrosion process of sandstone artifacts. The pH fiber optic sensor uses a PVA/PAA hydrogel as the sensitive material and the fiber optic is held in a half-open PTFE tube by a UV adhesive. The de-coated FBG is fixed to the surface of the relics with epoxy resin to detect strain in the relics. The research results of this paper will provide an important reference for analyzing the acid dissolution corrosion mechanism of stone cultural relics and preventive protection of cultural relics, and promote the scientific and technological development and engineering application of physicochemical FBG sensors.
To achieve non-contact non-destructive detection of corrosion in metal artifacts, this paper presents a novel metal corrosion detection system employing a pulsed modulation laser source, MEMS scanning micro-mirror, optical lens assembly, photoelectric detector, and FPGA. The detection system's measurement theoretical model is established, and corrosion measurements are conducted on corroded metal samples using the developed system. The research reveals that corrosion products adhering to the surface of metal samples reduce the reflectance of light, leading to a decrease in the light flux reaching the photoelectric detector and a subsequent reduction in the output voltage of the detection system. The corrosion intensity of metal artifacts can be detected by acquiring the output voltage of the detection system. Simultaneously, the corrosion behavior characteristics of metallic specimens can be identified based on the scanning voltage of the detection system.
In this study, a novel coupling strategy of visible-light photocatalytic hollow optical fiber and graphite carbon nitride matrix composite was proposed to enhance the performance of photocatalytic reduction of CO2 and the efficiency of light energy utilization. The composite material (TMOF/CNNS) composed of TMOF-10-NH2 (TMOF) and g-C3N4 (CNNS) has an enhanced charge separation efficiency. The synthesized TMOF/CNNS photocatalyst was coated on the surface of the optical fiber. The photocatalytic activity of the prepared photocatalytic hollow optical fiber for the gas-phase reduction of CO2 was evaluated in the wavelength range of 380-780 nm. Compared with the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 in the gas phase with CNNS-coated hollow quartz fiber and CNNS-coated filter paper, the TMOF/CNNS-coated hollow quartz fiber significantly improved the CO2 yield and selectivity of CO.
Hydrogen energy is a renewable clean energy source with strong potential, which comes from a wide range of sources and produces no pollutants during the combustion process. Photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) hydrogen production utilizes solar energy as the main energy for photoelectrochemical reaction to produce hydrogen, which is green and environmentally friendly. Most of performance tests of PEC hydrogen production systems still remain on the overall performance test, neglecting the influence of microscopic particles with different positions and different concentrations on the surface of the photocatalytic membrane on the hydrogen production performance. Here, we use surface plasmon resonance tilted fiber Bragg grating (SPR-TFBG) sensors, fiber Bragg grating hydrogen (H-FBG) sensors, and fiber Bragg grating temperature (T-FBG) sensors for real-time in-situ monitoring of surface ion concentrations, hydrogen concentrations, and temperatures at different locations on the surface of the photoelectrode of a PEC hydrogen production system. A positive correlation was found between the ion concentration on the photoelectrode surface and the amount of hydrogen production, which indicates that real-time monitoring of the ion concentration on the surface of the photo-electrode can effectively reflect the performance of hydrogen production at different locations on the surface of the photoelectrode.
In this work, we introduced a polymer-based fiber Bragg grating sensor for carbon dioxide (CO2). The device integrates a polymer coating on the fiber Bragg grating sensor as a CO2-sensitive region, and then a hydrophobic zeolite is coated on the surface to isolate water vapor interference. To eliminate the effect of temperature on the sensor detection performance, an uncoated fiber Bragg grating was introduced as a temperature compensation unit. Then, a CO2 detection system was constructed to simulate the carbon sequestration environment to calibrate the CO2 concentration for sensors and to analyze the sensor performance under different environmental conditions. The experimental analysis shows that the fiber Bragg grating CO2 sensor not only has high CO2 sensitivity, but also has excellent reversibility and stability in high temperature and high humidity environments.
To obtain in situ real-time information on temperature and micro-strain changes in the body of stone cultural relics during chemical corrosion damage, a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) detection system was prepared. A theoretical model of the sensor to monitor the temperature and micro-strain was established. The temperature and micro-strain changes of the sandstone samples under deionized water with alkaline solutions and temperatures were examined online in-situ using the FBG measurement system. The results show that the material conversion exothermic chemical reaction between sandstone and NaOH solution and the reaction with deionization are dissolution reactions.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.