In current study we examine how letter permutation affects in visual recognition of words for two orthographically
dissimilar languages, Urdu and German. We present the hypothesis that recognition or reading of permuted and
non-permuted words are two distinct mental level processes, and that people use different strategies in handling
permuted words as compared to normal words. A comparison between reading behavior of people in these
languages is also presented. We present our study in context of dual route theories of reading and it is observed
that the dual-route theory is consistent with explanation of our hypothesis of distinction in underlying cognitive
behavior for reading permuted and non-permuted words. We conducted three experiments in lexical decision
tasks to analyze how reading is degraded or affected by letter permutation. We performed analysis of variance
(ANOVA), distribution free rank test, and t-test to determine the significance differences in response time
latencies for two classes of data. Results showed that the recognition accuracy for permuted words is decreased
31% in case of Urdu and 11% in case of German language. We also found a considerable difference in reading
behavior for cursive and alphabetic languages and it is observed that reading of Urdu is comparatively slower
than reading of German due to characteristics of cursive script.
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