In order to solve the problem that the length of gain fiber is difficult to be determined, and implement the femtosecond pulse features of high average power and narrow pulse width in optical measurement, the effect of erbium-doped fiber length on the pulse features is studied. In the simulation analysis, combined the rate equation of two-level system with the nonlinear Schrodinger equation describing the ultrafast pulse propagation, the variation trend of average power and pulse width with erbium-doped fiber length is numerically studied. According to the two-level model, a variable gain coefficient curve with the fiber length is obtained and applied to ultrafast pulse propagation model by polynomial curvefitting method to improve the simulation accuracy. In the experiment, a 980nm pump source is used to build a singlestage forward amplification system, and the fiber truncation method is employed to verify the numerical simulation. The results show that the simulation is consistent with the experimental data. When the average power of femtosecond pulse signal light is 50mW and the pump light is 1000mW, the optimum fiber length is 55~100cm. Compared with traditional simulation method of using fixed gain coefficient, the introduction of variable gain coefficient has an impact on simulation parameters p and d, which present the gain effect and dispersion effect in transmission model.
As a bridge connecting microwave frequency and optical frequency, femtosecond laser has important significance in optical frequency measurement. Compared with the traditional Ti-sapphire femtosecond optical frequency comb, with the advantages of compact structure, strong anti-interference ability and low cost, the fiber femtosecond optical frequency comb has a wider application prospect. An experiment of spectrum broadening in a highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber pumped by an Er-fiber mode-locked femtosecond laser is studied in this paper. Based on optical amplification and frequency doubling, the central wavelength of the output spectrum is 780nm and the average power is 232mW. With the femtosecond pulses coupled into two different photonic crystal fibers, the coverage of visible spectrum is up to 500nm-960nm. The spectral shape and width can be optimized by changing the polarization state for satisfying the requirments of different optical frequencies measurement.
We demonstrate a time-of-flight absolute distance measurement method based second harmonic generation using dual-comb with different repetition rates. A distance of about 8m is measured, compared with a laser absolute tracer, the maximum deviation is 19μm at 100ms acquisition time.
The background and principle of zero-crossing point locking technology are introduced in this paper. An experimental locking system is designed to realize fast locking of zero-crossing point, and the results of locking is studied by analyzing zero-crossing point locking signal. In the distance measurement of femtosecond pulsed laser, a crystal produces the balanced cross-correlation (BCC) signal, which signifies the time offset of the target pulses with respect to the reference pulses. By continuously pulling this signal to zero-crossing point, the locking system provides a closed loop control process, which ensures the stability of the zero-crossing point and the precision of measurement. This locking system is mainly made up by five sections. As a core section of system, P-I circuit can optimize the locking state by changing parameters. A frequency counter referenced to the rubidium atomic clock is used to measure the pulse repetition rate with a stability of 10-12 in the sampling rate of 10s in 24 hours, which is helpful to analyze the measurement precision. In the experiment, the result of zero-crossing point lock can reach to 15mV, in other words, the range of amplitude variation can be reduced to less than 15mV after locking. With the repetition rate data evaluated, the jitter of the pulse repetition rate is within 25Hz in the sampling time of 15s after locking the zero-crossing point. It is proved that the locking system designed has a high practical value in the distance and vibration measurement of femtosecond pulsed laser.
Two vibration measurement methods with femtosecond pulsed laser based on the optical cross-correlation technique are presented independently in this paper. The balanced optical cross-correlation technique can reflect the time jitter between the reference pluses and measurement pluses by detecting second harmonic signals using type II phase-matched nonlinear crystal and balanced amplified photo-detectors. In the first method, with the purpose of attaining the vibration displacement, the time difference of the reference pulses relative to the measurement pluses can be measured using single femtosecond pulsed laser. In the second method, there are a couple of femtosecond pulsed lasers with high pulse repetition frequency. Vibration displacement associated with cavity length can be calculated by means of precisely measuring the pulse repetition frequency. The results show that the range of measurement attains ±150μm for a 500fs pulse. These methods will be suited for vibration displacement measurement, including laboratory use, field testing and industrial application.
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