Wave plates, also known as phase retarders, are essential elements for altering the phase of light in various optical devices, such as liquid crystal displays, interferometry, and optical microscopy. Although soft materials (such as liquid crystals and polymers) are the most well-known methods for fabricating wave plates, there are still disadvantages in commercial products, including chromatic behavior, high cost, and the difficulty of making biaxial retarders. In recent years, advances in nanoscale synthesis have opened up a new approach for wave plate fabrication. In this work, one-dimensional dielectric nano-grating wave plates were fabricated using laser interference lithography, which is an efficient and low-cost method among nano-patterning techniques. By varying the parameters of the interference lithography process, we were able to modify the geometry of the nano-pattern. We investigated the influence of different dielectric materials with high and low refractive indices, as well as the pattern geometry, on the anisotropic properties. The wave plates were characterized using in-plane, out-of-plane retardation measurements and UV-vis spectrometry.
We developed a compact, diode-end-pumped, eye-safe laser rangefinder transmitter, which is based on the passively Q-switched Er–Yb:glass laser with a Co:Spinel plate as a saturable absorber (SA). The linear cavity laser considers a concave and a plane mirror with the cavity length is only 20 mm. The repetition rate can be tuned from 1 Hz to 8 Hz at the wavelength of 1535 nm. Our laser system operates stably at peak power > 250 kW and pulse width of 4.5 ns.
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