Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) techniques require multiple measurements to obtain the refractive index (RI) distribution of a sample. Here, we present a single-shot RI imaging method using spectral multiplexing and optical transfer function reshaping. In the present method, we simultaneously measure three intensity images of a sample with three optimized illumination patterns. Deconvolution of the measured intensity images is then performed to obtain the RI distribution of the sample. As a proof-of-concept, we measured both microspheres and biological cells.
Three-dimensional (3D), label-free, and long-term imaging in organ-on-a-chip research is necessary to assess the dynamic development of multicellular structures inside a microfluidic chip and relevant physiological functions. However, imaging on-chip multicellular landscapes generally relies on the use of exogenous labels, which limits the long-term imaging of live cells due to photobleaching and phototoxicity. Here, we demonstrate the 3D label-free observation of 5-day on-chip vasculogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells using optical diffraction tomography. The proposed method enables us to quantify both morphological and biochemical alterations during the vasculogenesis.
Although oxidative stress is believed to play an important role in numerous diseases, current methods of measuring the oxidative stress level do not provide a consensus on how to quantify and compare the level of oxidative stress. Here, we suggest optical diffraction tomography (ODT) as a label-free cellular oxidative stress level quantification method. ODT measurements of HS68 cells treated with hydrogen peroxide solution showed that the oxidative stress level can be quantified based on the biophysical features from the refractive index (RI) tomogram. Quantifying the cellular oxidative stress based on the RI measurements will provide a direct guideline for the level of cell stresses on both academic and clinical situations.
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