We demonstrate fully solution-processed organic photovoltaic cells on metal foil substrates with power conversion
efficiencies similar to those obtained in devices on transparent substrates. The cells are based on the regioregular
poly-
(3-hexylthiophene) and C61 butyric acid methyl ester bulk heterojunction system. The bottom electrode is a silver film
whose workfunction is lowered by Cs2CO3 using spin-coating to serve as a cathode. The transparent top anode consists
of a conductive polymer in combination with a solution-processed silver nanowire mesh that is laminated onto the
devices. Each layer of the device, including the transparent electrode, is fabricated from solution, giving rise to the
possibility of completely printed solar cells on low-cost substrates.
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