In this pilot study, we explored the potential of using a diffuse reflectance imaging system to extract interictal
pathophysiological characteristics of epileptic cortex in an intraoperative setting. The imaging system was able to
simultaneously measure diffuse reflectance signals at two distinct wavelengths (500 and 700 nm) from the entire
exposed cortical surface. It was used to study ten pediatric patients during their epilepsy surgery. Diffuse reflectance
images, Rd(x,y,λ,t) at 500 nm and 700 nm, were acquired at a 5 Hz rate for at least 200 seconds. Post imaging analysis
identified a unique local frequency oscillation (LFO), below respiration rate, existed in Rd(x,y,500 nm,t) and Rd(x,y,700
nm,t). Mapping the spectral densities of LFOs over the cortical surface identified the spatial distribution of the LFOs. In
almost all ten patients studied, the location demonstrating strong LFOs coincided with the epileptic cortex determined
using ECoG. However, some LFOs were found in close proximity to functional areas according to fMRI. We further
used the correlation coefficient map to identify those pixels with similar waveforms for better demarcation. These
preliminary results support the feasibility of using wavelength-dependent diffuse reflectance imaging to intra-operatively
detect epileptic cortex.
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