Photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is considered as a special type of 2-dimensional photonic
crystal structure. As the result of its large design flexibility, there are numerous different
types of PCFs exhibiting vastly different optical properties. Among them, the small-core
PCFs have extremely high effective nonlinearity, which makes them an ideal nonlinear
medium for new frequency generation. However significant nonlinear process in fiber only
occurs when the phase matching condition is satisfied. Therefore, the dispersion properties
of PCFs are also critical.
In this paperr, three different approaches are taken to extend the tunability of an
Yb-fiber-based femtosecond source. All of the schemes are enabled by the unique
dispersion and nonlinear properties of photonic-crystal-fibers (PCFs). In the first approach,
by adopting the newly available PCF into an optical parametric oscillator (FOPO) and
combining it with our newly-developed mode-locked Yb-fiber laser [1], we extend the
tunability of this fiber-based system to over 200-nm around 1 μm [2]. The second scheme
uses Raman soliton self-frequency shifting effect in PCFs. Femtosecond soliton pulses
tunable from 1100 nm to 1300 nm are generated. In the third approach, by taking
advantage of broadly variable phase matching point for the Cherenkov radiation in PCFs,
broadly tunable femtosecond visible pulses from 450 nm to 630 nm are achieved [3].
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