Three-dimensional integration of optical systems

Karl-Heinz Brenner

doi:10.1117/12.45962

1 August 1991 Three-dimensional integration of optical systems

Karl-Heinz Brenner

Proceedings Volume 1506, Micro-Optics II; (1991) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.45962
Event: ECO4 (The Hague '91), 1991, The Hague, Netherlands

Abstract

The general goal of integration is to provide enhanced stability and compactness in the construction of complex systems. In the present situation the term 'Integrated Optics' usually denotes two-dimensional planar integration in thin films allowing only the propagation of zero-dimensional optical signals in wave guides. One of the main potentials of optics arises from the fact that the wavefield is three—dimensional, allowing to interconnect a large number of information channels through space with high bandwidth and without crosstalk. An earlier approach to an integrated three-dimensional structure utilized diffractive-reflective components fabricated in dichromated gelatine to connect arrays of optical devices through free space /1/. Diffractive elements by holographic techniques or by etching in glass substrates /2,3/ are one possibility to fabricate three-dimensional integrated optical systems. Diffractive elements however, due to the requirement of constructive interference, are very sensitive to thermal expansion and to wavelenght changes. An alternate concept for 3D-integrating regularly structured digital optical systems based on reflective and refractive components has recently been proposed

Citation Download Citation

Karl-Heinz Brenner "Three-dimensional integration of optical systems", Proc. SPIE 1506, Micro-Optics II, (1 August 1991); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.45962

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