Bacillus cereus (Bc) group are spore-forming bacteria that include human pathogenic strains, such as Bacillus cereus and Bacillus anthracis. Detection of Bc group spores using selective media is a laborious process that is largely dependent on the laboratory environment. We have examined the application of so-called digital photocorrosion (DIP) GaAs/AlGaAs biosensor for detection of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) spores. With the aptamer-based biosensing architecture, we have successfully demonstrated detection of Bt spores in the range between 103 - 105 spores/mL. The ease of operating DIP biosensors, and the potential for sensitive detection in field settings hold the promise of attractive applications of these innovative devices for monitoring the presence of Bc group spores.
Biosensor-based detection of pathogenic bacteria has gained attention since it could be fast, portable, cost effective and potentially easy to use. In this study, we investigated the detection of L. pneumophila using an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) and antibody (Ab) functionalized GaAs/AlGaAs biochips. The AMP attachment on GaAs surface was evaluated using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The peptide-related absorbance bands in IR (1588 cm-1, 1653 cm-1, and 1734 cm-1) suggest the successful immobilization of AMP on GaAs. The bacterial capture efficiency/affinity on GaAs surface was evaluated for several peptides such as warnericin RK, clavanin, parasin, magainin, melittin and it was observed that the warnericin RK obtained ~4 times higher capture efficiency compared to the other peptides. We successfully detected L. pneumophila using AMP, as well as Ab conjugated GaAs/AlGaAs biosensors. The AMP functionalized biosensors, however, allowed higher sensitivity compared to Ab based bioarchitecture. The proposed AMP functionalized GaAs/AlGaAs biosensor is attractive for rapid and sensitive detection of L. pneumophila in water samples.
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