Dr. Roberto Casini Profile

Dr. Roberto Casini

at National Ctr. for Atmospheric Research

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Publications (16)

Proceedings Article | 31 August 2022 Presentation + Paper

Design drivers for the Polstar spectropolarimeter: an FUV/NUV design achieving high spectral resolving power with precise 4-Stokes measurements

Robert Woodruff, Coralie Neiner, Roberto Casini, Gopal Vasudevan, Tony Hull, Paul Scowen

Proceedings Volume 12181, 121810C (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2629556

KEYWORDS: Polarization, Mirrors, Staring arrays, Wave plates, Prisms, Calibration, Spectroscopy, Spectral resolution, Sensors, Stars

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Proceedings Article | 31 August 2022 Poster + Paper

Calibration approach for the Polstar spectropolarimeter

Gopal Vasudevan, Robert Woodruff, Kirstin Doney, Coralie Neiner, Roberto Casini, Mark Sullivan, Paul Scowen, Tony Hull, Alison Nordt

Proceedings Volume 12181, 1218139 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2630553

KEYWORDS: Calibration, Mirrors, Polarization, Spectral calibration, Prisms, Telescopes, Modulators, Spectroscopy, Lamps, Polarimetry

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Proceedings Article | 29 August 2022 Presentation + Paper

The National Science Foundation’s Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope: status and first results

Thomas Rimmele, Mark Warner, Roberto Casini, Jeffery Kuhn, Haosheng Lin, Friedrich Wöger, Alexandra Tritschler, Alisdair Davey, Alfred de Wijn, Andre Fehlmann, David Harrington, Sarah Jaeggli, Thomas Schad, Tetsu Anan, Christian Beck, Heather Marshall, Paul Jeffers, Andrew Beard, David Berst, Eric Cross, Bryan Cummings, Colleen Donneley, Arthur Eigenbrot, Andrew Ferayorni, Christopher Foster, Chriselle Ann Galapon, Bret Goodrich, Brian Gregory, Stephanie Guzman, Stephen Guzzo, John Hubbard, Erik Johansson, Luke Johnson, Mary Liang, Brialyn Onodera, Myles Puentes, Lukas Rimmele, Erik Starman, Stacey Sueoka, Richard Summers, Aimee Szabo, Louis Szabo, Timothy Williams, Charles White

Proceedings Volume 12182, 121820Z (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2644469

KEYWORDS: Adaptive optics, Solar telescopes, Telescopes, Mirrors, Visible radiation, Solar processes, Magnetism, Sun, Polarization, Polarimetry

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Proceedings Article | 20 August 2021 Presentation + Paper

The Polstar High Resolution Spectropolarimetry MIDEX Mission

Paul Scowen, Ken Gayley, Coralie Neiner, Gopal Vasudevan, Robert Woodruff, Richard Ignace, Roberto Casini, Tony Hull, Alison Nordt, H. Philip Stahl

Proceedings Volume 11819, 1181908 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2594267

KEYWORDS: Polarization, Stars, Mirrors, Spectral resolution, Polarimetry, Prisms, Calibration, Wave plates, Ultraviolet radiation, Staring arrays

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The Polstar mission will provide for a space-borne 60cm telescope operating at UV wavelengths with spectropolarimetric capability capturing all four Stokes parameters (intensity, two linear polarization components, and circular polarization). Polstar’s capabilities are designed to meet its goal of determining how circumstellar gas flows alter massive stars' evolution, and finding the consequences for the stellar remnant population and the stirring and enrichment of the interstellar medium, by addressing four key science objectives. In addition, Polstar will determine drivers for the alignment of the smallest interstellar grains, and probe the dust, magnetic fields, and environments in the hot diffuse interstellar medium, including for the first time a direct measurement of the polarized and energized properties of intergalactic dust. Polstar will also characterize processes that lead to the assembly of exoplanetary systems and that affect exoplanetary atmospheres and habitability. Science driven design requirements include: access to ultraviolet bands: where hot massive stars are brightest and circumstellar opacity is highest; high spectral resolution: accessing diagnostics of circumstellar gas flows and stellar composition in the far-UV at 122-200nm, including the NV, SiIV, and CIV resonance doublets and other transitions such as NIV, AlIII, HeII, and CIII; polarimetry: accessing diagnostics of circumstellar magnetic field shape and strength when combined with high FUV spectral resolution and diagnostics of stellar rotation and distribution of circumstellar gas when combined with low near-UV spectral resolution; sufficient signal-to-noise ratios: ~103 for spectropolarimetric precisions of 0.1% per exposure; ~102 for detailed spectroscopic studies; ~10 for exploring dimmer sources; and cadence: ranging from 1-10 minutes for most wind variability studies, to hours for sampling rotational phase, to days or weeks for sampling orbital phase. The ISM and exoplanet science program will be enabled by these capabilities driven by the massive star science.

Proceedings Article | 6 July 2018 Paper

Construction update of the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope project

Mark Warner, Thomas Rimmele, Valentin Pillet, Roberto Casini, Steve Berukoff, Simon Craig, Andrew Ferayorni, Bret Goodrich, Robert Hubbard, David Harrington, Paul Jeffers, Erik Johansson, Ruth Kneale, Jeff Kuhn, Chen Liang, Haosheng Lin, Heather Marshall, Mihalis Mathioudakis, William McBride, Joseph McMullin, William McVeigh, Predrag Sekulic, Wolfgang Schmidt, Steve Shimko, Stacey Sueoka, Rich Summers, Alexandra Tritschler, Timothy Williams, Friedrich Wöger

Proceedings Volume 10700, 107000V (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2314212

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Optical fabrication, Cameras, Mirrors, Control systems, Solar processes, Observatories, Polarimetry, Imaging systems, Polarization

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Construction of the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) is well underway on the Haleakalā summit on the Hawaiian island of Maui. Featuring a 4-m aperture and an off-axis Gregorian configuration, the DKIST will be the world’s largest solar telescope. It is designed to make high-precision measurements of fundamental astrophysical processes and produce large amounts of spectropolarimetric and imaging data. These data will support research on solar magnetism and its influence on solar wind, flares, coronal mass ejections, and solar irradiance variability. Because of its large aperture, the DKIST will be able to sense the corona’s magnetic field—a goal that has previously eluded scientists—enabling observations that will provide answers about the heating of stellar coronae and the origins of space weather and exo-weather. The telescope will cover a broad wavelength range (0.35 to 28 microns) and operate as a coronagraph at infrared (IR) wavelengths. Achieving the diffraction limit of the 4-m aperture, even at visible wavelengths, is paramount to these science goals. The DKIST’s state-of-the-art adaptive optics systems will provide diffraction-limited imaging, resolving features that are approximately 20 km in size on the Sun.

At the start of operations, five instruments will be deployed: a visible broadband imager (VTF), a visible spectropolarimeter (ViSP), a visible tunable filter (VTF), a diffraction-limited near-IR spectropolarimeter (DLNIRSP), and a cryogenic near-IR spectropolarimeter (cryo-NIRSP). At the end of 2017, the project finished its fifth year of construction and eighth year overall. Major milestones included delivery of the commissioning blank, the completed primary mirror (M1), and its cell. Commissioning and testing of the coudé rotator is complete and the installation of the coudé cleanroom is underway; likewise, commissioning of the telescope mount assembly (TMA) has also begun. Various other systems and equipment are also being installed and tested. Finally, the observatory integration, testing, and commissioning (IT&C) activities have begun, including the first coating of the M1 commissioning blank and its integration within its cell assembly. Science mirror coating and initial on-sky activities are both anticipated in 2018.

Proceedings Article | 6 July 2018 Paper

Instrument prototypes of miniature near-UV imaging spectro-polarimeters for observations of solar magnetism

P. H. Oakley, R. Casini, S. Sewell, N. Ela

Proceedings Volume 10699, 1069938 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2313581

KEYWORDS: Magnetism, Imaging spectroscopy, Sensors, Polarization, Magnesium, Sun, Prototyping, Polarimetry, Spectroscopy, Cameras, Hyperspectral imaging

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Proceedings Article | 18 August 2016 Paper

Construction status of the Daniel K. Inouye solar telescope

Joseph McMullin, Thomas Rimmele, Mark Warner, Valentin Pillet, Roberto Casini, Steve Berukoff, Simon Craig, David Elmore, Andrew Ferayorni, Bret Goodrich, Robert Hubbard, David Harrington, Steve Hegwer, Paul Jeffers, Erik Johansson, Jeff Kuhn, Haosheng Lin, Heather Marshall, Mihalis Mathioudakis, William McBride, William McVeigh, LeEllen Phelps, Wolfgang Schmidt, Steve Shimko, Stacey Sueoka, Alexandra Tritschler, Timothy Williams, Friedrich Wöger

Proceedings Volume 9906, 99061B (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2235227

KEYWORDS: Imaging systems, Observatories, Solar processes, Telescopes, Mirrors, Optical fabrication, Buildings, Space telescopes, Control systems, Deformable mirrors

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We provide an update on the construction status of the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope. This 4-m diameter facility is designed to enable detection and spatial/temporal resolution of the predicted, fundamental astrophysical processes driving solar magnetism at their intrinsic scales throughout the solar atmosphere. These data will drive key research on solar magnetism and its influence on solar winds, flares, coronal mass ejections and solar irradiance variability. The facility is developed to support a broad wavelength range (0.35 to 28 microns) and will employ state-of-the-art adaptive optics systems to provide diffraction limited imaging, resolving features approximately 20 km on the Sun. At the start of operations, there will be five instruments initially deployed: Visible Broadband Imager (VBI; National Solar Observatory), Visible SpectroPolarimeter (ViSP; NCAR High Altitude Observatory), Visible Tunable Filter (VTF (a Fabry-Perot tunable spectropolarimeter); Kiepenheuer Institute for Solarphysics), Diffraction Limited NIR Spectropolarimeter (DL-NIRSP; University of Hawaii, Institute for Astronomy) and the Cryogenic NIR Spectropolarimeter (Cryo-NIRSP; University of Hawaii, Institute for Astronomy).

As of mid-2016, the project construction is in its 4th year of site construction and 7th year overall. Major milestones in the off-site development include the conclusion of the polishing of the M1 mirror by University of Arizona, College of Optical Sciences, the delivery of the Top End Optical Assembly (L3), the acceptance of the Deformable Mirror System (Xinetics); all optical systems have been contracted and are either accepted or in fabrication. The Enclosure and Telescope Mount Assembly passed through their factory acceptance in 2014 and 2015, respectively. The enclosure site construction is currently concluding while the Telescope Mount Assembly site erection is underway. The facility buildings (Utility and Support and Operations) have been completed with ongoing work on the thermal systems to support the challenging imaging requirements needed for the solar research.

Finally, we present the construction phase performance (schedule, budget) with projections for the start of early operations.

Proceedings Article | 22 July 2014 Paper

Construction status of the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope

Joseph McMullin, Thomas Rimmele, Valentin Martínez Pillet, Thomas Berger, Roberto Casini, Simon Craig, David Elmore, Bret Goodrich, Steve Hegwer, Robert Hubbard, Erik Johansson, Jeffrey Kuhn, Haosheng Lin, William McVeigh, Wolfgang Schmidt, Steve Shimko, Alexandra Tritschler, Mark Warner, Friedrich Wöger

Proceedings Volume 9145, 914525 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2055483

KEYWORDS: Observatories, Solar telescopes, Optical fabrication, Telescopes, Astronomy, Adaptive optics, Visible radiation, Control systems, Sun, Solar processes

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Proceedings Article | 8 July 2014 Paper

Performance of polarization modulation and calibration optics for the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope

David Elmore, Stacey Sueoka, Roberto Casini

Proceedings Volume 9147, 91470F (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2054610

KEYWORDS: Wave plates, Calibration, Polarization, Modulators, Polarimetry, Modulation, Optical calibration, Solar telescopes, Telescopes, Quartz

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Proceedings Article | 8 July 2014 Paper

The Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope first light instruments and critical science plan

David Elmore, Thomas Rimmele, Roberto Casini, Steve Hegwer, Jeff Kuhn, Haosheng Lin, Joseph McMullin, Kevin Reardon, Wolfgang Schmidt, Alexandra Tritschler, Friedrich Wöger

Proceedings Volume 9147, 914707 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2057038

KEYWORDS: Visible radiation, Calibration, Solar telescopes, Solar processes, Spatial resolution, Coronagraphy, Near infrared, Data centers, Telescopes, Adaptive optics

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Proceedings Article | 24 September 2012 Paper

Preliminary design of the visible spectro-polarimeter for the Advanced Technology Solar Telescope

Alfred de Wijn, Roberto Casini, Peter Nelson, Pei Huang

Proceedings Volume 8446, 84466X (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.926497

KEYWORDS: Spectrographs, Cameras, Polarimetry, Magnetism, Spectral resolution, Optical filters, Polarization, Solar processes, Mirrors, Beam splitters

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Proceedings Article | 17 September 2012 Paper

Chromospheric Lyman-alpha spectro-polarimeter (CLASP)

Ryouhei Kano, Takamasa Bando, Noriyuki Narukage, Ryoko Ishikawa, Saku Tsuneta, Yukio Katsukawa, Masahito Kubo, Shin-nosuke Ishikawa, Hirohisa Hara, Toshifumi Shimizu, Yoshinori Suematsu, Kiyoshi Ichimoto, Taro Sakao, Motoshi Goto, Yoshiaki Kato, Shinsuke Imada, Ken Kobayashi, Todd Holloway, Amy Winebarger, Jonathan Cirtain, Bart De Pontieu, Roberto Casini, Javier Trujillo Bueno, Jiří Štĕpán, Rafael Manso Sainz, Luca Belluzzi, Andres Asensio Ramos, Frédéric Auchère, Mats Carlsson

Proceedings Volume 8443, 84434F (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.925991

KEYWORDS: Polarization, Magnetism, Mirrors, Coating, Wave plates, Spectrographs, Scattering, Visible radiation, Cameras, Solar processes

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Proceedings Article | 6 October 2011 Paper

Overview of Chromospheric Lyman-Alpha SpectroPolarimeter (CLASP)

Noriyuki Narukage, Saku Tsuneta, Takamasa Bando, Ryouhei Kano, Masahito Kubo, Ryoko Ishikawa, Hirohisa Hara, Yoshinori Suematsu, Yukio Katsukawa, Hiroko Watanabe, Kiyoshi Ichimoto, Taro Sakao, Toshifumi Shimizu, Ken Kobayashi, Brian Robinson, Tony Kim, Amy Winebarger, Edward West, Jonathan Cirtain, Bart De Pontieu, Roberto Casini, Javier Trujillo Bueno, Jiri Stepan, Rafael Manso Sainz, Luca Belluzzi, Andres Asensio Ramos, Mats Carlsson

Proceedings Volume 8148, 81480H (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.894290

KEYWORDS: Magnetism, Polarization, Magnesium fluoride, Mirrors, Wave plates, Solar processes, Rockets, Spectrographs, Scattering, Telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 21 July 2010 Paper

The Visible Spectro-Polarimeter (ViSP) for the Advanced Technology Solar Telescope

Peter Nelson, Roberto Casini, Alfred de Wijn, Michael Knoelker

Proceedings Volume 7735, 77358C (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.857610

KEYWORDS: Spectrographs, Cameras, Magnetism, Polarimetry, Polarization, Spectral resolution, Diffraction gratings, Collimators, Mirrors, Optical filters

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Proceedings Article | 20 July 2010 Paper

The polychromatic polarization modulator

Alfred de Wijn, Steven Tomczyk, Roberto Casini, Peter Nelson

Proceedings Volume 7735, 77354A (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.857745

KEYWORDS: Modulators, Polarimetry, Modulation, Polarization, Wave plates, Magnetism, Demodulation, Quartz, Chemical elements, Solar processes

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Proceedings Article | 9 July 2008 Paper

A new spectro-polarimeter for solar prominence and filament magnetic field measurements

David Elmore, Roberto Casini, Greg Card, Marc Davis, Alice Lecinski, Ron Lull, Peter Nelson, Steven Tomczyk

Proceedings Volume 7014, 701416 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.789556

KEYWORDS: Polarimetry, Calibration, Polarization, Magnetism, Coronagraphy, Electroluminescent displays, Cameras, Modulation, Spectrographs, Wave plates

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Showing 5 of 16 publications

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